Unit 9: Solution

41. What property of solutions changes with temperature and affects the solubility of gases in liquids?

a) Boiling point
b) Freezing point
c) Vapor pressure
d) Osmotic pressure
Answer: c) Vapor pressure

42. The term used to describe the amount of solute in a solution relative to the volume of the solution is:

a) Molarity
b) Molality
c) Normality
d) Weight percent
Answer: a) Molarity

43. Which of the following statements about solubility is true?

a) Solubility always increases with temperature
b) The solubility of gases increases with increasing temperature
c) The solubility of solids generally increases with increasing temperature
d) Solubility is independent of pressure
Answer: c) The solubility of solids generally increases with increasing temperature

44. When a solution is diluted, what happens to its molarity?

a) It decreases
b) It increases
c) It remains the same
d) It becomes zero
Answer: a) It decreases

45. The effect of solute on the boiling point of a solvent is called:

a) Boiling point elevation
b) Freezing point depression
c) Osmotic pressure
d) Vapor pressure lowering
Answer: a) Boiling point elevation

46. What happens to the freezing point of a solvent when a non-volatile solute is added?

a) It increases
b) It decreases
c) It remains the same
d) It becomes zero
Answer: b) It decreases

47. Which of the following statements is correct about the osmotic pressure of a solution?

a) Osmotic pressure increases with the increase in temperature
b) Osmotic pressure decreases with the increase in concentration of solute
c) Osmotic pressure remains constant regardless of temperature
d) Osmotic pressure decreases with the decrease in temperature
Answer: a) Osmotic pressure increases with the increase in temperature

48. The colligative property that causes a solution to have a lower freezing point compared to the pure solvent is:

a) Boiling point elevation
b) Vapor pressure lowering
c) Freezing point depression
d) Osmotic pressure
Answer: c) Freezing point depression

49. Which of the following is not a colligative property?

a) Boiling point elevation
b) Freezing point depression
c) Osmotic pressure
d) Density
Answer: d) Density

50. The process of separating a solute from a solution by evaporation is called:

a) Filtration
b) Distillation
c) Crystallization
d) Centrifugation
Answer: c) Crystallization