41. The type of isomerism shown by alkenes is:

a) Geometric isomerism
b) Optical isomerism
c) Chain isomerism
d) Position isomerism
Answer: a) Geometric isomerism

42. The process of forming ethylene glycol from ethylene involves:

a) Oxidation
b) Hydrogenation
c) Hydration
d) Halogenation
Answer: c) Hydration

43. The carbon-carbon double bond in alkenes is:

a) Sigma bond
b) Pi bond
c) Both sigma and pi bonds
d) None of the above
Answer: c) Both sigma and pi bonds

44. The term “homologous series” refers to:

a) A series of compounds with different molecular formulas
b) A series of compounds with the same functional group and similar properties
c) A series of compounds with different functional groups
d) A series of compounds with the same molecular weight
Answer: b) A series of compounds with the same functional group and similar properties

45. The compound with the formula C₃H₄ is an example of:

a) Alkane
b) Alkene
c) Alkyne
d) Aromatic hydrocarbon
Answer: c) Alkyne

46. The reaction of alkenes with ozone followed by reduction is known as:

a) Ozonolysis
b) Hydrogenation
c) Dehydration
d) Hydration
Answer: a) Ozonolysis

47. The structure of an alkane is characterized by:

a) A single carbon-carbon double bond
b) A single carbon-carbon triple bond
c) Single carbon-carbon single bonds
d) A ring structure
Answer: c) Single carbon-carbon single bonds

48. The reactivity of alkanes is generally:

a) High
b) Moderate
c) Low
d) Very high
Answer: c) Low

49. The presence of which group in hydrocarbons generally makes them more reactive:

a) Alkyl groups
b) Carbonyl groups
c) Amino groups
d) Hydroxyl groups
Answer: b) Carbonyl groups

50. The polymerization of ethylene produces:

a) Polyethylene
b) Polystyrene
c) Polypropylene
d) Polyvinyl chloride
Answer: a) Polyethylene