11. Aliphatic hydrocarbons include:

a) Aromatic compounds
b) Alkanes
c) Benzene derivatives
d) Polymers
Answer: b) Alkanes

12. The general formula for alkanes is:

a) CₙH₂ₙ₊₂
b) CₙH₂ₙ
c) CₙH₂ₙ₋₂
d) CₙH₂ₙ₊₄
Answer: a) CₙH₂ₙ₊₂

13. The simplest alkene is:

a) Ethylene
b) Propylene
c) Butylene
d) Methane
Answer: a) Ethylene

14. The process of converting alkanes to alkenes involves:

a) Hydrogenation
b) Dehydration
c) Halogenation
d) Cracking
Answer: d) Cracking

15. The compound with the formula C₄H₈ is an example of:

a) Alkane
b) Alkene
c) Alkyne
d) Aromatic hydrocarbon
Answer: b) Alkene

16. The reaction of alkenes with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst is called:

a) Hydration
b) Hydrogenation
c) Dehydrogenation
d) Halogenation
Answer: b) Hydrogenation

17. The structure of a cycloalkane is characterized by:

a) A straight chain
b) A branched chain
c) A ring structure
d) An aromatic ring
Answer: c) A ring structure

18. The formula for the simplest alkyne is:

a) C₂H₂
b) C₂H₄
c) C₂H₆
d) C₄H₁₀
Answer: a) C₂H₂

19. The reaction of alkenes with halogens forms:

a) Alkanes
b) Alkynes
c) Haloalkanes
d) Alcohols
Answer: c) Haloalkanes

20. In the structure of alkanes, the carbon atoms are:

a) Trigonal planar
b) Tetrahedral
c) Linear
d) Square planar
Answer: b) Tetrahedral