Unit 14: Macromolecules

11. The monomers of nucleic acids are:

a) Amino acids
b) Nucleotides
c) Fatty acids
d) Monosaccharides
Answer: b) Nucleotides

12. Which type of bond is primarily responsible for holding together the monomers in a protein?

a) Hydrogen bonds
b) Ionic bonds
c) Peptide bonds
d) Van der Waals forces
Answer: c) Peptide bonds

13. Which of the following is a polysaccharide?

a) Glucose
b) Fructose
c) Cellulose
d) Sucrose
Answer: c) Cellulose

14. Lipids are primarily composed of:

a) Nucleotides
b) Amino acids
c) Fatty acids and glycerol
d) Monosaccharides
Answer: c) Fatty acids and glycerol

15. The process by which a polymer is broken down into its monomers is called:

a) Condensation
b) Oxidation
c) Hydrolysis
d) Reduction
Answer: c) Hydrolysis

16. Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates in the body?

a) Energy storage
b) Genetic information storage
c) Catalyzing chemical reactions
d) Forming cell membranes
Answer: a) Energy storage

17. The main function of DNA in cells is to:

a) Provide energy
b) Catalyze reactions
c) Store genetic information
d) Form cell membranes
Answer: c) Store genetic information

18. Which of the following is a characteristic of enzymes?

a) They are composed of lipids.
b) They speed up chemical reactions.
c) They are not specific to substrates.
d) They are consumed in reactions.
Answer: b) They speed up chemical reactions.

19. The double helix structure is associated with:

a) Proteins
b) Lipids
c) DNA
d) RNA
Answer: c) DNA

20. Which type of macromolecule is primarily involved in the formation of cell membranes?

a) Carbohydrates
b) Proteins
c) Lipids
d) Nucleic acids
Answer: c) Lipids