Unit 14: Macromolecules

21. The sugar found in the backbone of RNA is:

a) Glucose
b) Ribose
c) Deoxyribose
d) Fructose
Answer: b) Ribose

22. Which of the following macromolecules can act as a catalyst in biological systems?

a) Nucleic acids
b) Proteins
c) Carbohydrates
d) Lipids
Answer: b) Proteins

23. Which of the following is a characteristic of lipids?

a) Soluble in water
b) Insoluble in water
c) Composed of nucleotides
d) Formed by peptide bonds
Answer: b) Insoluble in water

24. Starch and glycogen are both examples of:

a) Monosaccharides
b) Disaccharides
c) Polysaccharides
d) Nucleotides
Answer: c) Polysaccharides

25. Which of the following is an essential fatty acid?

a) Stearic acid
b) Oleic acid
c) Linoleic acid
d) Palmitic acid
Answer: c) Linoleic acid

26. The primary structure of a protein is determined by:

a) The sequence of nucleotides
b) The sequence of amino acids
c) The sequence of monosaccharides
d) The sequence of fatty acids
Answer: b) The sequence of amino acids

27. Which of the following is a function of RNA?

a) Storing genetic information
b) Catalyzing chemical reactions
c) Transporting amino acids
d) Forming cell membranes
Answer: c) Transporting amino acids

28. The bond that links nucleotides in a nucleic acid is called a:

a) Peptide bond
b) Phosphodiester bond
c) Glycosidic bond
d) Ester bond
Answer: b) Phosphodiester bond

29. Which of the following is not a component of a nucleotide?

a) Phosphate group
b) Nitrogenous base
c) Pentose sugar
d) Amino acid
Answer: d) Amino acid

30. Which of the following is a disaccharide?

a) Glucose
b) Sucrose
c) Glycogen
d) Starch
Answer: b) Sucrose