Unit 7: Fundamental Principles of Organic Chemistry

31. The reaction between an alkyl halide and a base to form an alkene is known as:

a) Substitution reaction
b) Elimination reaction
c) Addition reaction
d) Esterification
Answer: b) Elimination reaction

32. Which functional group is characterized by the presence of a carbonyl group bonded to a hydroxyl group?

a) Aldehyde
b) Ketone
c) Carboxylic acid
d) Ester
Answer: c) Carboxylic acid

33. The term “saturated” in organic chemistry refers to:

a) A molecule with at least one double bond
b) A molecule with no double or triple bonds
c) A molecule with only triple bonds
d) A molecule that is capable of forming additional bonds
Answer: b) A molecule with no double or triple bonds

34. Which of the following compounds is a member of the alkyne family?

a) Ethylene
b) Propylene
c) Butyne
d) Butane
Answer: c) Butyne

35. The reaction in which an alkene reacts with water to form an alcohol is called:

a) Hydration
b) Hydrogenation
c) Halogenation
d) Dehydration
Answer: a) Hydration

36. The general formula for alkynes is:

a) CnH2nC_nH_{2n}Cn​H2n​
b) CnH2n+2C_nH_{2n+2}Cn​H2n+2​
c) CnH2n−2C_nH_{2n-2}Cn​H2n−2​
d) CnH2n+1C_nH_{2n+1}Cn​H2n+1​
Answer: c) CnH2n−2C_nH_{2n-2}Cn​H2n−2​

37. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of aromatic compounds?

a) They contain benzene rings
b) They have alternating double and single bonds
c) They are highly reactive
d) They exhibit resonance
Answer: c) They are highly reactive

38. The process of breaking down a compound into simpler substances by heating is called:

a) Pyrolysis
b) Hydrolysis
c) Esterification
d) Substitution
Answer: a) Pyrolysis

39. In organic chemistry, a “hydrocarbon” refers to a compound made of:

a) Carbon and nitrogen
b) Carbon and hydrogen
c) Carbon and oxygen
d) Carbon and sulfur
Answer: b) Carbon and hydrogen

40. Which of the following is a property of alkanes?

a) They have at least one double bond
b) They are highly reactive
c) They are non-polar and have low reactivity
d) They contain a carbonyl group
Answer: c) They are non-polar and have low reactivity