Unit 7: Fundamental Principles of Organic Chemistry

11. The main type of bond found in organic compounds is:

a) Ionic bond
b) Metallic bond
c) Covalent bond
d) Hydrogen bond
Answer: c) Covalent bond

12. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of organic compounds?

a) Presence of metallic bonds
b) Ability to form complex ions
c) Presence of carbon-hydrogen bonds
d) Formation of ionic bonds
Answer: c) Presence of carbon-hydrogen bonds

13. The simplest hydrocarbon is:

a) Methane
b) Ethane
c) Propane
d) Butane
Answer: a) Methane

14. The process of forming a double bond between two carbon atoms is known as:

a) Hydrogenation
b) Dehydrogenation
c) Halogenation
d) Dehydration
Answer: b) Dehydrogenation

15. Which of the following is an example of a saturated hydrocarbon?

a) Ethylene
b) Acetylene
c) Butane
d) Propene
Answer: c) Butane

16. The general formula for alkanes is:

a) CnH2nC_nH_{2n}Cn​H2n​
b) CnH2n+2C_nH_{2n+2}Cn​H2n+2​
c) CnH2n−2C_nH_{2n-2}Cn​H2n−2​
d) CnH2n+1C_nH_{2n+1}Cn​H2n+1​
Answer: b) CnH2n+2C_nH_{2n+2}Cn​H2n+2​

17. An alkene is a hydrocarbon with:

a) Single bonds only
b) Double bonds only
c) Triple bonds only
d) Both single and double bonds
Answer: b) Double bonds only

18. The IUPAC name for CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-CH₃ is:

a) Propane
b) Butane
c) Ethane
d) Pentane
Answer: b) Butane

19. Which of the following is an aromatic hydrocarbon?

a) Ethylene
b) Benzene
c) Methane
d) Propylene
Answer: b) Benzene

20. The functional group present in alcohols is:

a) Hydroxyl group
b) Carbonyl group
c) Carboxyl group
d) Amino group
Answer: a) Hydroxyl group