Unit 5: Variety of Life

What is Variety of Life?

“Variety of Life” is an essential chapter that explores the incredible diversity of living organisms on Earth. This unit introduces students to the classification and characteristics of different life forms, ranging from microscopic organisms to complex multicellular organisms. Students will learn about the major domains and kingdoms of life, the principles of taxonomy, and the evolutionary relationships among various organisms. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the biological diversity that exists and the methods used to study and categorize it.

Key Topics in Variety of Life:

• Classification Systems: Understanding the hierarchical system of classification, including domains, kingdoms, phyla, classes, orders, families, genera, and species.
• Major Domains and Kingdoms: Exploring the three domains of life (Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya) and the five kingdoms (Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia).
• Evolutionary Relationships: Learning about the evolutionary connections between different groups of organisms and the concept of common ancestry.
• Biodiversity: Investigating the richness and variety of life forms within ecosystems and the importance of biodiversity for ecosystem stability.
• Taxonomy and Identification: Examining the methods used to identify, name, and classify organisms, including the role of dichotomous keys.

Benefits of Studying Variety of Life:

• Understanding Biological Diversity: Provides insight into the vast range of life forms and their roles in ecosystems.
• Foundation for Evolutionary Biology: Enhances understanding of evolutionary processes and the relationships among different species.
• Application in Conservation: Knowledge of biodiversity is crucial for efforts in conservation and protecting endangered species.
• Preparation for Advanced Studies: Sets the stage for more in-depth studies in ecology, evolutionary biology, and systematics.

This chapter is crucial for appreciating the diversity of life and understanding the principles of biological classification and evolution. Mastering the concepts of variety of life equips students with essential knowledge for further studies in biology and related fields.

1. The enzymes involved in viral replication are synthesized

a. on the viral ribosomes
b. on the interior surface of viral membrane
c. by the host cell
d. on the interior surface of viral coat

2. A virion is a

a. virus
b. viral protein
c. viral lysozyme
d. viral gene

3. An isolated virus is not considered living, since it

a. separates into two inert parts
b. cannot metabolize
c. rapidly looses its genome chemically inert
d. is coated with an air tight shield

4. In the lytic cycle of a bacteriophasge, the host DNA is

a. replicated
b. turned off by a protein coat
c. digested into its nucleotides
d. turned on by removal of a protein coat

5. In the lysogenic cycle, The DNA of a bacteriophage

a. joins the bacterial chromosome
b. attaches to the inner surface of the host membrane
c. is immediately degraded when it enters the host
d. goes directly to the host’s ribosome for translation

6. Temperate phage may exists as

a. prophage
b. capsid
c. virioid
d. retrovirus

7. Phylogeny describes a species

a. Morphological similarities with other species
b. Evolutionary history
c. Reproductive compatabilities with other species
d. Geographical distribution

8. In the bionomial system of taxonomy, developed during the 18th century by C.Linnaeus, the first word of an organusm’s name( Homo sapiens) is its

a. species
b. genus
c. race
d. family

9. In the five kingdom system of classification,developed by Robert Whattikar,members of the kingdom plantae are autotrophic,eukaryotic and

a. multicellular
b. motile
c. either unicellular and multicellular
d. have sexual reproduction

10. Five kingdom system of classification proposed by Margulis and Schwartz is not based on

a. Genetics
b. Cellular organization
c. Nucleic acid
d. Mode of nutrition

11. The common name of Allium cepa is

a. Piyaz
b. Bathy
c. Amaltas
d. Chana

13. Pigs are reservoirs to

a. Hepatitis A
b. Hepatitis B
c. Hepatitis C
d. Hepatitis E

14. Which one of the following is false about AIDS

a. HIV
b. Acquired-immune deficiency syndrome
c. T-lymphocytes
d. Host specific