The 2024 Federal Directorate of Education (FDE) – Elementary School Teacher (EST) Chemistry exam is for individuals seeking BPS-14 teaching positions in Pakistan. This multiple-choice test is worth 100 marks and covers three main subjects: Chemistry (60 questions), English (20 questions), and Pedagogy (20 questions).
Chemistry Section
- The property of crystal to retain and hold water is called:
a) Hydrophobic
b) Water of crystallization
c) Hydrophilic
d) None - Generally, Electronegativity value left to right in periodic table:
a) Increases
b) Decreases
c) Remain Constant - The equation PCl₃ + Cl₂ → PCl₅ + Heat. Reaction can be shifted from left to right by:
a) None
b) Removal of Cl₂
c) Catalyst
d) Adding Cl₂ (Note: Option missing in original; deduced based on Le Chatelier’s principle) - Which is not a polymer:
a) Rayon
b) Teflon
c) Rubber
d) Penicillin - Which of the following is a molecular solid?
a) Glass
b) Silver
c) Ice
d) Table salt - Which of the following is responsible for the smell in rotten eggs?
a) Sulphuric acid
b) Sulphur dioxide
c) Hydrogen Sulphide
d) Putrescine - The number of carbon atoms in Naphthalene:
a) 6
b) 8
c) 10
d) 15 - What is the purpose of a salt bridge in an electrochemical cell?
a) Allows ion migration
b) Allow electron flow
c) Prevent ion migration
d) Prevent electron flow - Non-metallic atom present in organic compounds:
a) N
b) Mg
c) Fe
d) None - When Grignard reagent reacts with water, it gives:
a) Alcohol
b) CO₂
c) H₂O
d) Alkanes - One mole of electron is:
a) One Coulomb
b) One Henry
c) One Faraday
d) One Ampere - Which one of the following has the highest boiling point?
a) Methane
b) Chloroform
c) Carbon tetrachloride
d) Chloromethane - When the factor pressure is increased 4 times, what will be the volume if temperature is kept constant?
a) 1/4
b) 4
c) 1/2
d) 16 - Which of the following gas is more soluble in water at high temperature?
a) Helium
b) Hydrogen
c) CO₂
d) Neon - Mayonnaise is:
a) Emulsion
b) Hydrogenated Oil
c) Suspension
d) Solution - When the factor temperature is increased 3 times, what will be the volume if pressure is kept constant?
a) 1/3
b) 3
c) 1/9
d) None - Which is an aromatic hydrocarbon among the following?
a) Methane
b) CO₂
c) Benzene
d) None - Which molecule has a permanent dipole moment?
a) CO₂
b) H₂O
c) SiO₂
d) CCl₄ - In which of the following compounds does oxygen have a -1 valence?
a) Sodium hydroxide
b) Sodium peroxide
c) Potassium Chlorate
d) Magnesium Bromide - Which of the following compounds is the heaviest?
a) Methane
b) Ethane
c) Propane
d) Butane - Which of the following is the chief source of natural organic compounds?
a) Petroleum
b) Coal
c) Natural gas
d) None - First transuranic elements were discovered by:
a) Russia
b) Germany
c) California
d) None of these - The pressure is constant; the process is known as:
a) Isochoric
b) Isobaric
c) Isothermal
d) Adiabatic - On oxidation of an aldehyde, it forms:
a) An alcohol
b) An acid
c) An ester
d) Alkyl Halides - Mineral acid is known as:
a) Organic acid
b) Inorganic acid
c) Carboxylic acid
d) None - Immiscible solutions are:
a) Not soluble in each other
b) Soluble in each other up to a limit
c) Soluble in each other
d) None - A substance that behaves as an acid when reacting with a base and as a base when reacting with an acid:
a) Neutral
b) Amphoteric
c) Alkaline
d) None - Which one of the following is the purest form of coal?
a) Peat
b) Lignite
c) Bituminous
d) Anthracite - On Beta decay, the atomic number:
a) Increases
b) Decreases
c) Remains the same
d) None of these - Which of the following metal oxide is used in white pigment?
a) Ti
b) Vanadium
c) Fe
d) Cu - The scientist who studies the relationship between temperature and volume when pressure remains constant:
a) Boyles
b) Charles
c) Dalton
d) Grahams - The heat required to raise the temperature of 20 grams of water from 40°C to 60°C:
a) 40 Cal
b) 200 Cal
c) 20 Cal
d) 400 Cal - The spacing between crystal lattice, e.g., rock salt:
a) 0.1 angstrom
b) 2 angstroms
c) 20 angstroms
d) None - The water in aqueous solutions is always:
a) Solute
b) Solvent
c) None - Which of the following covalent solids has a network structure?
a) CaO
b) SiO₂
c) CO₂
d) Pb - Which of the following technology is not used for power generation today?
a) Nuclear fission
b) Geothermal power
c) Solar ponds
d) Nuclear fusion - Which of the following properties is the same in stable iodine and radioactive iodine?
a) Number of neutrons
b) Chemical properties
c) Half-life
d) Atomic Mass - Which of the following factors affects the rate of reaction?
a) Temperature
b) Concentration of product
c) Concentration of reactant
d) All of these - Waste product during metabolism of glucose:
a) Oxygen
b) CO₂
c) Urea
d) Nitrogen - Which of the following properties is less in a solution compared to the pure solvent?
a) Osmotic pressure
b) Vapour pressure
c) Boiling point
d) Temperature - Which of the following properties is responsible for the spherical shape of water drops?
a) Surface tension
b) Viscosity
c) Density
d) None - Which of the following dissolves in water to give an acidic solution?
a) Hydrogen
b) CO₂
c) Nitrogen
d) NH₃ - Which one of the following has a positive cation?
a) Ammonium
b) Sulphate
c) Carbonate
d) Oxalate - To remove SO₂ from industrial emissions, which device is used?
a) Scrubber
b) Precipitator
c) Clarifier
d) Digestor - Which one of the following has continuous and dispersed phases throughout the medium?
a) Colloids
b) Solution
c) Suspension
d) Solvent - Nuclei of heavier atoms have:
a) More neutrons than electrons
b) More neutrons than protons
c) More electrons than protons
d) None - Calcium carbonate is more soluble in:
a) 0.1 M HCl
b) 0.1 M CaCl₂
c) 0.1 M NaOH
d) 0.2 M Na₂CO₃ - A substance that is either a naturally polar molecule or a negatively charged ion surrounding a central positive metal is called:
a) Ligand
b) Complex compound
c) Metal ion
d) None - Which of the following has a greater number of dissociated particles in a solution?
a) CaCl₂
b) C₆H₁₂O₆
c) Benzene
d) NaCl - In your room, the disorderliness of things is an example of:
a) Enthalpy
b) Entropy
c) Energy
d) None of these - Which of the following is an amorphous solid?
a) Glass
b) Ice
c) Zn
d) NaCl - Which element is least present in organic compounds?
a) Nitrogen
b) Sulphur
c) Selenium
d) Phosphorus - Fly ash produced during the burning of coal typically contains:
a) Unburnt carbon
b) Only acidic compounds
c) Only basic compounds
d) Sulphates & Phosphates - Natural sweetener contains:
a) Carbohydrates
b) Lipids
c) Proteins
d) DNA - Which of the following is a strong electrolyte?
a) Coffee
b) Corn Syrup
c) Gatorade
proper formatting and highlighting of correct answers for the English and Pedagogy sections:
English Section
- Choose the word closest in meaning to “Haughty”:
a) Frantic
b) Animated
c) Conceited
d) Humble - Choose the word closest in meaning to “Amicable”:
a) Annoyance
b) Intercession
c) Friendly/Compatible/Harmonious
d) None - Antonym of the word “Gruesome”:
a) Tragic
b) Frightful
c) Painful
d) Hateful - Choose the word closest in meaning to “Laudable”:
a) Seize
b) Momentous
c) Hefty
d) Commendable - Which of the following is most opposite in meaning to “Redolent”?
a) Kind
b) Aromatic
c) Gracious
d) Rancid - The most opposite in meaning to the word “Benign”:
a) Assertive
b) Malicious
c) Conditional
d) Tender - Choose the word closest in meaning to “Maudlin”:
a) Sentimental
b) Practical
c) Cheerful
d) None - Identify the noun in the sentence: “Eiffel Tower is in Paris.”
a) Eiffel Tower
b) Paris
c) Both A & B
d) None - “Tie the knot” means:
a) Get married
b) Friend
c) Enmity
d) Criticism - “Hell hath no fury like…”:
a) A burned woman
b) A woman
c) A woman scorned (Note: Corrected based on common phrase)
d) A woman forgotten - REX stands for:
a) Parliament
b) King
c) Crown
d) Court - Change the voice of the following sentence: “Have you laughed at them?”
a) Why have you
b) You have been laughed at by them
c) They have been laughed at by you
d) Have they been laughed at by you? - Make the indirect form: “Salem said, he do not eat mangoes”:
a) Saleem said, he did not eat mangoes
b) Saleem said that he did not eat mangoes
c) Saleem said that he does not eat mangoes
d) Saleem exclaimed that he does not eat mangoes - “Running fast they caught the last bus.” Here ‘running fast’ is an example of:
a) Noun phrase
b) Adjective phrase
c) Adverb phrase
d) None of these - I don’t like _____ dogs:
a) an
b) the
c) a
d) none of these - “Walking fast to catch the bus.” Walking fast is:
a) Noun
b) Pronoun
c) Gerund noun
d) None of these - “To get someone’s goat” means:
a) To irritate someone
b) Praise
c) Make someone happy
d) Scold - Antonym of “Liberty” is:
a) Freedom
b) Democracy
c) Independence
d) Slavery - There is an eraser _____ the table:
a) At
b) In
c) On
d) None - “Smoking is injurious to health.” The word ‘smoking’ is:
a) Gerund
b) None
c) Verb
d) Noun
General Portion (Pedagogy)
- Most complex level of Bloom’s taxonomy is:
a) Knowledge
b) Application
c) Characterization
d) Synthesis - According to Piaget, the formal operational stage starts at the age:
a) None
b) 7 years
c) 11–12 years (Note: Corrected based on Piaget’s theory)
d) 15 - Children are usually egocentric during these stages:
a) Sensorimotor & Formal operational
b) Sensorimotor & Preoperational
c) Concrete operational & Formal operational
d) Preoperational & Concrete operational - Best strategy to deal with mild inappropriate behavior is:
a) Positive Reinforcement
b) Negative Reinforcement
c) Giving immediate punishment
d) None - Use of technology to enhance the learning process is called:
a) ICT
b) IT
c) e-learning
d) None of these - When instructions are given by individuals of the same status, it is called:
a) Socratic Method
b) Peer tutoring
c) Heuristic Method
d) Platonic Method - Which of the following should be used to decrease minor inappropriate behavior?
a) Praise
b) Reward
c) Ignorance
d) Strictness - Responses that produce a discomforting effect become _____ to occur again in that situation:
a) Not Likely
b) Equally Likely
c) Less Likely
d) More Likely - The longer a particular ability is unused, the _____ it becomes:
a) More important
b) Less important
c) Stronger
d) None - As people age, the _____ of learning declines:
a) Speed
b) Quality
c) Quantity
d) None - Chunking is a _____ technique:
a) Ordering
b) Knowledge
c) Memorizing
d) None - Reading or looking at material quickly to gain an overview of the content is the reading technique called:
a) Silent reading
b) Skimming
c) Scanning
d) None - Discussion at a round table comes in which category:
a) Formal
b) Informal
c) Original
d) None - Teacher reads loudly in class to improve students’:
a) Pronunciation
b) Comprehension
c) Feelings of reading
d) All of these - Nature of the discovery method in teaching is:
a) Constructive
b) Passive
c) Theoretical
d) Destructive - Team activity to summarize reading is also termed as:
a) Group Summary
b) Relay Summary
c) Group Presentation
d) None of these - According to Emile, the noblest work in education is to make a/an:
a) Good Citizen
b) Reasoning man
c) Thinker
d) Entrepreneur - Bloom’s Taxonomy has 3 stages:
a) Cognitive, Affective, and Psychomotor
b) Cognitive, Pedagogy, and Psychomotor
c) Cognitive, Affective, and Pedagogy
d) Pedagogy, Affective, and Psychomotor