31. The production of nitric acid in Pakistan is primarily for the manufacture of:

a) Explosives
b) Fertilizers
c) Pharmaceuticals
d) Dyes
Answer: b) Fertilizers

32. The fertilizer industry in Pakistan contributes to what percentage of total industrial output?

a) 5%
b) 10%
c) 15%
d) 20%
Answer: b) 10%

33. Which of the following products is derived from the sugar industry and used in chemical production?

a) Ethanol
b) Acetic acid
c) Glycerol
d) Phenol
Answer: a) Ethanol

34. The key environmental concern related to Pakistan’s cement industry is:

a) Air pollution
b) Water pollution
c) Soil erosion
d) Deforestation
Answer: a) Air pollution

35. The production of sulfuric acid in Pakistan primarily uses which process?

a) Contact process
b) Lead chamber process
c) Wet process
d) None of the above
Answer: a) Contact process

36. Which mineral is extensively used in the production of fertilizers in Pakistan?

a) Gypsum
b) Rock phosphate
c) Limestone
d) Dolomite
Answer: b) Rock phosphate

37. Which chemical is used as a solvent in the paint industry in Pakistan?

a) Toluene
b) Acetone
c) Methanol
d) Ethanol
Answer: a) Toluene

38. The detergent industry in Pakistan primarily uses which chemical as a surfactant?

a) Sodium lauryl sulfate
b) Sodium chloride
c) Potassium hydroxide
d) Sodium bicarbonate
Answer: a) Sodium lauryl sulfate

39. The production of plastics in Pakistan heavily relies on:

a) Ethylene
b) Propylene
c) Vinyl chloride
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

40. Which of the following is a common industrial chemical produced in Pakistan’s chemical plants?

a) Ammonia
b) Nitric acid
c) Sulfuric acid
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above