31. What is the functional group present in carboxylic acids?

a) –OH
b) –COOH
c) –NH2
d) –CHO
Answer: b) –COOH

32. The reaction of a carboxylic acid with an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst is known as:

a) Esterification
b) Saponification
c) Dehydration
d) Hydrogenation
Answer: a) Esterification

33. Which of the following carboxylic acids is commonly found in butter?

a) Acetic acid
b) Butyric acid
c) Propionic acid
d) Lactic acid
Answer: b) Butyric acid

34. Which of the following acids is known as formic acid?

a) Ethanoic acid
b) Methanoic acid
c) Propanoic acid
d) Butanoic acid
Answer: b) Methanoic acid

35. The reaction of a carboxylic acid with a strong base produces:

a) An ester
b) A salt
c) An alcohol
d) A ketone
Answer: b) A salt

36. Which of the following carboxylic acids is used in the preparation of polyesters?

a) Terephthalic acid
b) Acetic acid
c) Citric acid
d) Formic acid
Answer: a) Terephthalic acid

37. The IUPAC name for valeric acid is:

a) Ethanoic acid
b) Propanoic acid
c) Pentanoic acid
d) Butanoic acid
Answer: c) Pentanoic acid

38. What happens when a carboxylic acid reacts with PCl5?

a) An ester is formed.
b) An amide is formed.
c) An acyl chloride is formed.
d) A ketone is formed.
Answer: c) An acyl chloride is formed.

39. Which of the following is a fatty acid?

a) Stearic acid
b) Acetic acid
c) Formic acid
d) Benzoic acid
Answer: a) Stearic acid

40. The process of converting a carboxylic acid to an ester is known as:

a) Saponification
b) Esterification
c) Decarboxylation
d) Oxidation
Answer: b) Esterification