Overlapping and Bonds MCQs

The overlap of atomic orbitals increases the electron charge density between the atomic nuclei. This heightened negative charge density attracts and holds the positively charged atomic nuclei together, forming a covalent bond. A covalent bond is characterized by a region of high electron charge density created through the overlap of atomic orbitals from two atoms. The strength of the bond is directly related to the extent of this overlap—the greater the overlap, the stronger the bond. The shape of the molecule is influenced by the orientation of the overlapping orbitals. These orbitals, which can be either pure or hybrid, are responsible for covalent bonding. A hybrid orbital is one of a set of identical orbitals formed by combining different types of atomic orbitals.

Polarity in a molecule and hence the dipole moment depends primarily on electronegativity of the constituent atoms and the shape of the molecule. Which of the following has the highest dipole moment?

(a) CO₂
(b) HI
(c) H₂O
(d) SO₂

Which of the following at ordinary temperature and pressure exists as a linear polymer due to extensive hydrogen bonding?

(a) H₂O
(b) HCl
(c) HF
(d) NH₃

Which one of the following molecules has the smallest bond angles?

(a) NH₃
(b) PH₃
(c) H₂O
(d) H₂Se

The electron configuration of the outermost shell of the most electronegative element is

(a) 2s² 2p²
(b) 3s² 3p⁵
(c) 4s² 4p⁵
(d) 5s² 5p⁵

A molecule of fluorine is formed by

(a) the axial p-p orbital overlap
(b) the sidewise p-p orbital overlap
(c) the axial s-s orbital overlap
(d) the axial s-p orbital overlap

Which is the correct arrangement of the molecules based on dipole moments?

(a) BF₃ > NF₃ > NH₃
(b) NF₃ > BF₃ > NH₃
(c) NH₃ > BH₃ > NF₃
(d) NH₃ > NF₃ > BF₃

Which of the following is diamagnetic?

(a) Superoxide ion
(b) Carbon molecule
(c) Unipositive ion of nitrogen molecule
(d) Oxygen molecule

The structure of CH₂=C=H₂ is

(a) linear
(b) planar
(c) non-planar
(d) has several resonance structures

When two ice cubes are pressed over each other, they unite to form one cube. Which of the following forces is responsible for holding them together?

(a) Ionic interaction
(b) Covalent attraction
(c) van der Waals forces
(d) Hydrogen bond formation

The shape of the SF₃Cl₃ molecule is

(a) triangle bi-pyramidal
(b) cubic
(c) octahedral
(d) tetrahedral