11. The relationship between Kp and Kc is given by which of the following equations?

• A) ( Kp = Kc )
• B) ( Kp = Kc(RT)^\Delta n )
• C) ( Kp = Kc \times (T) )
• D) ( Kp = \frac{Kc}{(RT)^\Delta n} )
• Answer: B

12. Kp is used for reactions involving:

• A) Solids only
• B) Liquids only
• C) Gases only
• D) Aqueous solutions
• Answer: C

13. What does the term Δn represent in the Kp and Kc relationship?

• A) The total number of moles of reactants
• B) The total number of moles of products
• C) The difference between the number of moles of products and reactants
• D) The volume of the system
• Answer: C

14. For which of the following reactions would Kp = Kc?

• A) ( H_2(g) + I_2(g) \rightleftharpoons 2HI(g) )
• B) ( N_2(g) + 3H_2(g) \rightleftharpoons 2NH_3(g) )
• C) ( PCl_5(g) \rightleftharpoons PCl_3(g) + Cl_2(g) )
• D) ( N_2(g) + O_2(g) \rightleftharpoons 2NO(g) )
• Answer: A

15. Kp and Kc have the same value when:

• A) Δn = 0
• B) Δn > 0
• C) Δn < 0
• D) Δn = 1
• Answer: A

16. Kp is the equilibrium constant expressed in terms of:

• A) Concentration
• B) Partial pressure
• C) Volume
• D) Moles
• Answer: B

17. Which factor does NOT affect the value of the equilibrium constant K?

• A) Temperature
• B) Pressure
• C) Concentration
• D) Catalysts
• Answer: D

18. In an equilibrium reaction involving gases, if Δn > 0, then Kp is:

• A) Greater than Kc
• B) Less than Kc
• C) Equal to Kc
• D) Independent of Kc
• Answer: A

19. For the reaction ( N_2(g) + 3H_2(g) \rightleftharpoons 2NH_3(g) ), if Kc is known, Kp can be calculated using:

• A) ( Kp = Kc(RT)^2 )
• B) ( Kp = Kc(RT)^{-2} )
• C) ( Kp = \frac{Kc}{RT^2} )
• D) ( Kp = \frac{Kc}{RT^{-1}} )
• Answer: B

20. What is the unit of Kp for the following reaction: ( N_2O_4(g) \rightleftharpoons 2NO_2(g) )?

• A) ( atm )
• B) ( atm^{-1} )
• C) ( atm^2 )
• D) No units
• Answer: C