FDE-EST (Elementary School Teacher) Chemistry Solved Paper April 2024
The 2024 Federal Directorate of Education (FDE) – Elementary School Teacher (EST) Chemistry exam is for individuals seeking BPS-14 teaching positions in Pakistan. This multiple-choice test is worth 100 marks and covers three main subjects: Chemistry (60 questions), English (20 questions), and Pedagogy (20 questions).
Chemistry Portion (Questions 1–38)
- Standard Reduction Potential of Fluorine and Bromine is:
- a) +2.87 & +1.08
- b) +2.87 & +1.09
- c) +1.09 & +2.87
- d) None of these
- Answer: a) +2.87 & +1.08
- Explanation: Fluorine has a standard reduction potential of approximately +2.87 V, and Bromine is approximately +1.08 V.
- Excluded volume is represented by:
- a) a
- b) b
- c) c
- d) d
- Answer: b) b
- Explanation: In the van der Waals equation, the excluded volume per mole of gas is represented by the constant ‘b’.
- Number of oxygen atoms in metaformaldehyde?
- a) 2
- b) 3
- c) 4
- d) 5
- Answer: b) 3
- Explanation: Metaformaldehyde (trioxane, (CH₂O)₃) contains three oxygen atoms in its cyclic structure.
- Heat of vaporization of Radon is:
- a) 0.4
- b) 2.89
- c) 0.09
- d) None of these
- Answer: d) None of these
- Explanation: The heat of vaporization of Radon is approximately 16.4 kJ/mol, which is not listed among the options.
- Which of the following has the shortest C-C bond?
- a) Benzene
- b) Ethane
- c) Diamond
- d) Acetylene
- Answer: d) Acetylene
- Explanation: Acetylene (C₂H₂) has a triple bond (C≡C), which is the shortest among the options (bond length ~120 pm).
- How many Sulphur atoms are in Rhombic Sulphur?
- a) 4
- b) 6
- c) 8
- d) 10
- Answer: c) 8
- Explanation: Rhombic sulphur has a molecular formula of S₈, containing 8 sulphur atoms per molecule.
- Dipole moment of H₂ is:
- a) 0
- b) 1
- c) 2
- d) 3
- Answer: a) 0
- Explanation: H₂ is a non-polar molecule due to its symmetrical structure, resulting in a dipole moment of 0.
- Paramagnetic Effect is due to:
- a) Unpaired electrons
- b) Paired electrons
- c) Unpaired neutrons
- d) None of these
- Answer: a) Unpaired electrons
- Explanation: Paramagnetism arises from the presence of unpaired electrons in a substance.
- (Question 9 is incomplete in the document)
- Note: The OCR data for question 9 is garbled (“What w will y y y y y18 y y y y y y y6 y…”). No clear question or options are provided, so it cannot be included.
- When Grignard reagent reacts with ketone, it yields:
- a) Alkane
- b) Alcohol
- c) Alkyne
- d) None of these
- Answer: b) Alcohol
- Explanation: Grignard reagents react with ketones to form tertiary alcohols after hydrolysis.
- Coinage metals are present in which group:
- a) G-11
- b) G-7
- c) G-16
- d) None of these
- Answer: a) G-11
- Explanation: Coinage metals (Cu, Ag, Au) are in Group 11 of the periodic table.
- What is the oxidation number of Mn in KMnO₄?
- a) +4
- b) +5
- c) +6
- d) +7
- Answer: d) +7
- Explanation: In KMnO₄, K is +1, each O is -2 (total -8 for 4 oxygens), so Mn must be +7 to balance the charge.
- Slow cooling of the crystals yields:
- a) Small crystal
- b) Large crystal
- c) Both A & B
- d) None
- Answer: b) Large crystal
- Explanation: Slow cooling allows for larger, more ordered crystal formation.
- Velocity of electron will be maximum in which orbit?
- a) 1st
- b) 2nd
- c) 3rd
- d) 4th
- Answer: a) 1st
- Explanation: Electron velocity is highest in the 1st orbit (n=1) due to its proximity to the nucleus (Bohr’s model).
- Which Organic Acid is used in pulping of wood?
- a) Acetic acid
- b) Citric acid
- c) Benzoic Acid
- d) None
- Answer: a) Acetic acid
- Explanation: Acetic acid is used in the pulping process, particularly in the kraft process for wood pulp production.
- IUPAC name of Formaldehyde is:
- a) Methanol
- b) Ethanol
- c) Ether
- d) Methanal
- Answer: d) Methanal
- Explanation: Formaldehyde (HCHO) is named methanal in IUPAC nomenclature.
- Number of carbon atoms in Formaldehyde:
- a) 1
- b) 2
- c) 3
- d) 4
- Answer: a) 1
- Explanation: Formaldehyde (HCHO) contains one carbon atom.
- Which substance when used with butter having butyric acid can cure acidity?
- a) Lime juice
- b) Calcium Carbonate
- c) Soda water
- d) Lime water
- Answer: b) Calcium Carbonate
- Explanation: Calcium carbonate neutralizes acidity (e.g., butyric acid) by acting as a base.
- One carbon less than parent atom carboxylic acid is produced by the hydrolysis of:
- a) Acid amide
- b) Ester
- c) Acid Chloride
- d) Bisulphate
- Answer: a) Acid amide
- Explanation: Hydrolysis of an acid amide (RCONH₂) yields a carboxylic acid (RCOOH) with the same carbon count, but the question likely refers to a specific reaction context (e.g., nitrile hydrolysis, which was possibly intended).
- Heating of Boric acid at 100°C produces:
- a) B₂O₃
- b) H₂B₄O₇
- c) H₂B₂O₃
- d) HBO₂
- Answer: d) HBO₂
- Explanation: Heating boric acid (H₃BO₃) at ~100°C produces metaboric acid (HBO₂).
- Percentage of Methanol and Ethanol in methylated spirit:
- a) 10 & 30
- b) 10 & 50
- c) 10 & 80
- d) 10 & 90
- Answer: d) 10 & 90
- Explanation: Methylated spirit typically contains ~10% methanol and ~90% ethanol.
- Geometry of SF₆ is:
- a) Octahedral
- b) Tetrahedral
- c) Trigonal Bipyramidal
- d) None of these
- Answer: a) Octahedral
- Explanation: SF₆ has an octahedral geometry due to six fluorine atoms around the sulfur atom.
- Boiling Point of Benzene is:
- a) 78°C
- b) 100°C
- c) 120°C
- d) 5.6°C
- Answer: a) 78°C
- Explanation: Benzene’s boiling point is approximately 80°C, closest to 78°C among the options.
- In a Chemical reacción, heat of formation:
- a) evolved
- b) absorbed
- c) either evolved or absorbed
- d) none
- Answer: c) either evolved or absorbed
- Explanation: Heat of formation can be exothermic (evolved) or endothermic (absorbed) depending on the reaction.
- Real gas equation is:
- a) PV = nRT
- b) V = nb
- c) (P + an²/V²)(V – nb) = nRT
- d) None of these
- Answer: c) (P + an²/V²)(V – nb) = nRT
- Explanation: This is the van der Waals equation for real gases.
- Lysine is a:
- a) Basic Amino acid
- b) Acidic Amino acid
- c) Neutral
- d) None of these
- Answer: a) Basic Amino acid
- Explanation: Lysine is a basic amino acid due to its amine group.
- (Question 27 is incomplete in the document)
- Note: The OCR data lists options (a) Principle QN, b) Azimuthal QN, c) Principle & Azimuthal QN, d) Magnetic QN) but no clear question, so it cannot be included.
- Oxidation state of +5 & +7 of which element:
- a) Chlorine
- b) Fluorine
- c) Oxygen
- d) Nitrogen
- Answer: d) Nitrogen
- Explanation: Nitrogen can exhibit +5 (e.g., in HNO₃) and +7 (less common, but possible in some compounds).
- When electron jumps from 4th orbit to 1st orbit, that series is called:
- a) Lyman series
- b) Balmer
- c) Paschen
- d) Pfund
- Answer: a) Lyman series
- Explanation: Electron transitions to n=1 belong to the Lyman series (UV region).
- When electron jumps from 6th orbit to 2nd orbit, that series is called:
- a) Lyman series
- b) Balmer
- c) Paschen
- d) Pfund
- Answer: b) Balmer
- Explanation: Electron transitions to n=2 belong to the Balmer series (visible region).
- Vulcanizing agent is:
- a) Sulphur
- b) Carbon Black
- c) Calcium Carbonate
- d) Oxygen
- Answer: a) Sulphur
- Explanation: Sulphur is used as a vulcanizing agent in rubber production.
- Which of the following is not a type of Boric Acid?
- a) Orthoboric acid
- b) Nanoboric acid
- c) Metaboric acid
- d) None of these
- Answer: b) Nanoboric acid
- Explanation: Orthoboric (H₃BO₃) and metaboric (HBO₂) acids exist, but “nanoboric acid” is not a recognized type.
- Molecular solids differ from other solids due to:
- a) Low melting and boiling points
- b) Strong covalent bonds between molecules
- c) Presence of free electrons
- d) High melting and boiling points
- Answer: a) Low melting and boiling points
- Explanation: Molecular solids are held by weak intermolecular forces, leading to low melting/boiling points.
- With increasing temperature, which will decrease?
- a) Surface tension
- b) Vapor pressure
- c) Viscosity of gases
- d) Both A & C
- Answer: a) Surface tension
- Explanation: Surface tension decreases with increasing temperature; vapor pressure increases, and gas viscosity increases.
- Standard Reduction potential of copper is:
- a) +0.34
- b) -0.76
- c) -0.34
- d) +0.76
- Answer: a) +0.34
- Explanation: The standard reduction potential of Cu²⁺/Cu is approximately +0.34 V.
- Outer Transition elements are:
- a) d-block elements
- b) f-Block
- c) P-Block
- d) None
- Answer: a) d-block elements
- Explanation: Outer transition elements are d-block elements (groups 3–12).
- Inner Transition elements are:
- a) d-block elements
- b) f-Block
- c) P-Block
- d) None
- Answer: b) f-Block
- Explanation: Inner transition elements are f-block elements (lanthanides and actinides).
- Formula of Epsom salt is:
- a) MgSO₄·7H₂O
- b) CaSO₄·2H₂O
- c) CuSO₄·5H₂O
- d) None of these
- Answer: a) MgSO₄·7H₂O
- Explanation: Epsom salt is magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO₄·7H₂O).
English Portion (Questions 39–46)
- Choose the word closest in meaning to “Accord”:
- a) Disunity
- b) Cord
- c) Concurrence
- d) Pack
- Answer: c) Concurrence
- Explanation: “Accord” means agreement, similar to “concurrence.”
- Choose the word closest in meaning to “Mediation”:
- a) Annoyance
- b) Initiating
- c) Aggregate
- d) Intercession
- Answer: d) Intercession
- Explanation: “Mediation” involves intervening to resolve disputes, synonymous with “intercession.”
- Choose the word closest in meaning to “Hasty”:
- a) Kind
- b) Slow
- c) Wise
- d) Impulsive
- Answer: d) Impulsive
- Explanation: “Hasty” means rushed or impulsive.
- Choose the word closest in meaning to “Negligible”:
- a) Seize
- b) Momentous
- c) Hefty
- d) Trivial
- Answer: d) Trivial
- Explanation: “Negligible” means insignificant or trivial.
- Which of the following is most opposite in meaning to “Validate”?
- a) Ratify
- b) Sanction
- c) Endorse
- d) Repudiate
- Answer: d) Repudiate
- Explanation: “Validate” means to confirm; “repudiate” means to reject, its opposite.
- The most nearest meaning to the word “Categorical”:
- a) Assertive
- b) Indirect
- c) Conditional
- d) Unambiguous
- Answer: d) Unambiguous
- Explanation: “Categorical” means clear and unambiguous.
- Choose the word closest in meaning to “Vivid”:
- a) Glowing
- b) Flamboyant
- c) Fade
- d) None
- Answer: a) Glowing
- Explanation: “Vivid” means bright or intense, similar to “glowing.”
- Which of the following is most opposite in meaning to “Opportunity”?
- a) Antonymy
- b) Prospective
- c) Closure
- d) Root
- Answer: c) Closure
- Explanation: “Opportunity” means a chance; “closure” implies an end, its opposite.
- Choose the correct spellings:
- a) Tongue
- b) (Incomplete options in OCR)
- Answer: a) Tongue
- Explanation: “Tongue” is the correct spelling; other options are not provided clearly.
- Catching the earlier train will give us the ___ to do some shopping.
- a) Chance
- b) Luck
- c) Possibility
- d) Occasion
- Answer: a) Chance
- Explanation: “Chance” fits best in the context of having an opportunity.
- Success in the examination depends ___ hard work alone.
- a) At
- b) Over
- c) For
- d) On
- Answer: d) On
- Explanation: The phrase is “depends on.”
- Man does not live by ___ alone.
- a) Food
- b) Bread
- c) Meals
- d) Diet
- Answer: b) Bread
- Explanation: The phrase is a biblical reference: “Man does not live by bread alone.”
Pedagogy Portion (Questions 51–70)
- Conferences are face to face:
- a) Discussion
- b) Negotiations
- c) Meetings
- d) None
- Answer: c) Meetings
- Explanation: Conferences are formal face-to-face meetings.
- In a student’s formally present material then respond to questions from the audience?
- a) Dialogue
- b) Discussion
- c) Symposium
- d) Seminar
- Answer: c) Symposium
- Explanation: A symposium involves formal presentations followed by audience questions.
- If students don’t understand what is taught in the class, the teacher should:
- a) Repeat the lesson once again
- b) Teach the lesson again giving more examples
- c) Proceed to the next lesson to that syllabus could be covered
- d) Checkup the previous knowledge of students in the topic
- Answer: b) Teach the lesson again giving more examples
- Explanation: Providing more examples aids understanding without rushing forward.
- What was the relation b/w Socrates and Plato?
- a) Socrates was the student of Plato
- b) Plato was the student of Socrates
- c) Both were Brothers
- d) Both were Colleagues
- Answer: b) Plato was the student of Socrates
- Explanation: Plato was a student of Socrates in ancient Greek philosophy.
- The advocators of philosophy of pragmatism believe that reality is:
- a) Imagination
- b) Stagnant
- c) Constantly changing
- d) Related to Mind
- Answer: c) Constantly changing
- Explanation: Pragmatism views reality as dynamic and evolving.
- Rather than “telling,” teacher leads students to concept through a series of ordered questions in:
- a) Socratic Method
- b) Aristotelian Method
- c) Heuristic Method
- d) Platonic Method
- Answer: a) Socratic Method
- Explanation: The Socratic Method involves questioning to stimulate critical thinking.
- When taking a project you would:
- a) Not mind failure as you feel even then you will learn something
- b) Take it up only when you are assured of co-operation of others and success
- c) Plan it very carefully and see that there is no chance of failure
- d) Be hurt if criticized and leave the project if criticism is too much
- Answer: a) Not mind failure as you feel even then you will learn something
- Explanation: This reflects a growth mindset, valuable in pedagogy.
- The simplest skill in cognitive domain in Bloom’s Taxonomy is:
- a) Remembering
- b) Understanding
- c) Evaluating
- d) Synthesizing
- Answer: a) Remembering
- Explanation: Remembering is the lowest level in Bloom’s cognitive taxonomy.
- ___ is a student-generated list of words maintained by the student to remind them of words they need more work on.
- a) Word list
- b) Spelling Note-book
- c) Matching words
- d) None of these
- Answer: b) Spelling Note-book
- Explanation: A spelling notebook tracks words for practice.
- According to the theory of forms (or theory of Ideas), material world is a/an ___ of the real world.
- a) Shadow
- b) Image
- c) Part
- d) None
- Answer: a) Shadow
- Explanation: Plato’s Theory of Forms describes the material world as a shadow of the ideal world.
- An aspect of pragmatism, experiential learning, which says, education should come through:
- a) Experience
- b) Practice
- c) Knowledge
- d) Observations
- Answer: a) Experience
- Explanation: Experiential learning emphasizes learning through experience.
- Which one is not among the elements of active learning?
- a) Language
- b) Manipulation
- c) Practically
- d) Materials
- Answer: a) Language
- Explanation: Active learning involves manipulation, practical activities, and materials, but language is not a core element.
- The person is an influential communicator if:
- a) He is comedian Characteristics
- b) If his communication is very clear
- c) If he communicates in his mother tongue
- d) If he has dramatic characteristics
- Answer: b) If his communication is very clear
- Explanation: Clarity is key to effective communication.
- Developing new rules and principles on the basis of given facts and information in memory level is called:
- a) Association
- b) Generalization
- c) Application
- d) Assimilation
- Answer: b) Generalization
- Explanation: Generalization involves deriving rules from facts at the memory level.
- Purpose of evaluative phase of teaching is:
- a) To know to what extent objectives are realized
- b) To know the shortcoming of the teacher
- c) To know the effectiveness of strategies
- d) All of these
- Answer: d) All of these
- Explanation: The evaluative phase assesses objectives, teacher performance, and strategy effectiveness.
- Complexities of scoring of matching types of tests can be reduced by:
- a) Assigning only one mark for the item
- b) Increasing the item in two columns
- c) Supplementing the matched items with four alternative items
- d) None of these
- Answer: c) Supplementing the matched items with four alternative items
- Explanation: Adding alternatives simplifies scoring by reducing ambiguity.
- What is the meaning of growth?
- a) Change related to measurement
- b) Change related to result
- c) Both A & B
- d) None of these
- Answer: c) Both A & B
- Explanation: Growth involves measurable changes and outcomes.
- Teacher-centred instruction which includes lecture, presentation & recitation is also known as:
- a) Classical instruction
- b) Direct instruction
- c) Old method instruction
- d) None of these
- Answer: b) Direct instruction
- Explanation: Direct instruction involves teacher-led methods like lectures.
- ___ is an organizing tool to help the students visualize how many events can be tied to or contribute to a result.
- a) Fishbone
- b) Fishpond
- c) Backbone
- d) None
- Answer: a) Fishbone
- Explanation: A fishbone diagram visualizes causes and effects.
- When a notebook is maintained by a group in which each member of the group is expected to add an idea, the notebook is known as:
- a) Collective Notebook
- b) Collective work sample
- c) Collective homework
- d) None of these
- Answer: a) Collective Notebook
- Explanation: A collective notebook is used for group idea-sharing.