Federal & Provincial Structure MCQs for EST FGEI Constitution & Governance

Q66. Pakistan is a federal state under which Constitution?
a) 1956 Constitution
b) 1962 Constitution
c) 1973 Constitution ☑
d) 1947 Interim Constitution
Answer Explanation: The 1973 Constitution formally established Pakistan as a federal republic with powers divided between federal and provincial governments.

Q67. How many provinces are there in Pakistan?
a) 3
b) 4 ☑
c) 5
d) 6
Answer Explanation: Pakistan has four provinces: Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and Balochistan.

Q68. Which article of the 1973 Constitution lists the federal legislative powers?
a) Article 142
b) Article 70
c) Article 245
d) Article 142 ☑
Answer Explanation: Article 142 (Fourth Schedule) specifies subjects on which Parliament can legislate, i.e., federal legislative powers.

Q69. Who is the head of a province in Pakistan?
a) Chief Minister
b) Governor ☑
c) Speaker
d) Prime Minister
Answer Explanation: The Governor is the ceremonial head of a province, appointed by the President, while the Chief Minister exercises executive powers.

Q70. How is the Chief Minister of a province elected?
a) By the people directly
b) By the Provincial Assembly ☑
c) By the Governor
d) By the President
Answer Explanation: The Chief Minister is elected by the majority in the Provincial Assembly.

Q71. Which body represents the provinces at the federal level?
a) National Assembly
b) Senate ☑
c) Cabinet
d) Supreme Court
Answer Explanation: The Senate of Pakistan represents provincial interests in the federal legislature.

Q72. How are seats in the Senate distributed among provinces?
a) Based on population
b) Equally ☑
c) By number of districts
d) By presidential order
Answer Explanation: Each province has equal representation in the Senate to balance provincial interests.

Q73. The residuary powers (not listed in the Constitution) belong to:
a) President
b) Provinces ☑
c) National Assembly
d) Prime Minister
Answer Explanation: According to the 1973 Constitution, residuary powers belong to the provinces.

Q74. The concurrent list in the Constitution includes subjects:
a) Only federal
b) Only provincial
c) Both federal and provincial ☑
d) None
Answer Explanation: The concurrent list allows both federal and provincial governments to legislate on listed subjects.

Q75. Who appoints the Governor of a province?
a) Prime Minister
b) President ☑
c) Chief Minister
d) National Assembly
Answer Explanation: The President of Pakistan appoints the Governor for each province.

Q76. The Chief Secretary of a province reports to:
a) Governor
b) Chief Minister ☑
c) President
d) Prime Minister
Answer Explanation: The Chief Secretary is the top bureaucrat and reports to the Chief Minister for administrative matters.

Q77. The Provincial Assemblies in Pakistan are:
a) Unicameral ☑
b) Bicameral
c) Tricameral
d) None of these
Answer Explanation: Each province has a unicameral legislature, i.e., a single-chamber Provincial Assembly.

Q78. The 1973 Constitution provides for how many types of subjects lists?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three ☑
d) Four
Answer Explanation: There are three subject lists: Federal, Provincial, and Concurrent.

Q79. The Speaker of a Provincial Assembly is:
a) Appointed by Governor
b) Elected by Assembly members ☑
c) Appointed by Chief Minister
d) Elected by public
Answer Explanation: The Speaker is elected by members of the Provincial Assembly to preside over sessions.

Q80. The 18th Amendment of the Constitution strengthened:
a) Federal powers
b) Provincial autonomy ☑
c) Presidential powers
d) Judiciary only
Answer Explanation: The 18th Amendment (2010) significantly enhanced provincial autonomy by devolving powers from the federal government.