Dipole Moment MCQs

The dipole moment is a measure of the force experienced by two charges, +q and -q, separated by a distance d, and is expressed as the product of these two factors. Alternatively, it can be defined as the product of the magnitudes of the charges in a magnetic or electronic dipole and the distance between them. It is a vector quantity that arises from the dipole present in different bonds. A dipole refers to a state in a molecule where there is a separation of charges between two bonded atoms, caused by differences in their electronegativities. This separation of charges creates a force, and when this force is multiplied by the distance between the charges, it yields the dipole moment of the molecule.

Molecules with an odd number of electrons are

(a) paramagnetic
(b) unstable
(c) form dimers at low temperatures
(d) all are correct

Which of the following is not correct for dipole moment?

(a) Lone pairs of electrons present on the central atom can give rise to the dipole moment
(b) The dipole moment is a vector quantity
(c) CO₂ molecule has no dipole moment since C-O bonds are nonpolar
(d) The difference in electronegativities of combining atoms can lead to the dipole moment

In conductors, opposite charges are separated by

(a) dielectric
(b) insulator
(c) microscopic distances
(d) large distances

A diatomic molecule has a dipole moment of 1.2 D. If its bond distance is 1.0 Å, what fraction of electric charge “e” exists on each atom?

(a) 12% of e
(b) 18% of e
(c) 25% of e
(d) 30% of e

The percentage of ionic character of the bond between two atoms is calculated from the difference between their

(a) ionic radii
(b) electronegativities
(c) electron affinities
(d) ionization energies

For two ionic solids, CaO and KI, identify the incorrect statement among the following

(a) The lattice energy of CaO is much larger than that of KI
(b) KI is soluble in benzene
(c) CaO has a higher melting point
(d) KI has a lower melting point

If the water molecule were linear

(a) it would have a very high boiling point
(b) it would be highly reactive
(c) its dipole moment would be zero
(d) it would be highly ionic

Find the species with the maximum dipole moment among the following

(a) NF₃
(b) CO₂
(c) NH₃
(d) CH₄

Electric susceptibility is inversely proportional to

(a) permittivity
(b) polarization vector
(c) magnetic field intensity
(d) permeability

In a crystal, atoms are located at the positions of

(a) maximum potential energy
(b) minimum potential energy
(c) zero potential energy
(d) indefinite potential energy