Prepare for EST FGEI with Culture & Society MCQs 2025. 100 solved questions with answers on languages, festivals, arts, religion, heritage & education.

Languages & Ethnic Groups Mcqs EST

Q1. Which is the national language of Pakistan?
a) Punjabi
b) Urdu ☑
c) Sindhi
d) Pashto
Explanation: Urdu is Pakistan’s national language, serving as a link among diverse ethnic groups.

Q2. The most widely spoken provincial language in Pakistan is:
a) Punjabi ☑
b) Sindhi
c) Pashto
d) Balochi
Explanation: Punjabi is spoken by around 45% of Pakistan’s population, making it the most spoken language.

Q3. Sindhi is mainly spoken in which province?
a) Punjab
b) Sindh ☑
c) Balochistan
d) KPK
Explanation: Sindhi is the dominant language of Sindh province.

Q4. Pashto is spoken mainly in:
a) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ☑
b) Sindh
c) Gilgit-Baltistan
d) Punjab
Explanation: Pashto is the mother tongue of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and tribal areas.

Q5. Which ethnic group primarily lives in Balochistan?
a) Sindhi
b) Baloch ☑
c) Punjabi
d) Kashmiri
Explanation: Baloch are the major ethnic group of Balochistan.

Q6. Saraiki language is mostly spoken in:
a) Upper Sindh
b) South Punjab ☑
c) Gilgit-Baltistan
d) KPK
Explanation: Saraiki is dominant in Southern Punjab.

Q7. Shina is a local language of:
a) Balochistan
b) Gilgit-Baltistan ☑
c) Sindh
d) Punjab
Explanation: Shina is widely spoken in Gilgit-Baltistan.

Q8. The majority of Muhajir community speaks:
a) Punjabi
b) Urdu ☑
c) Sindhi
d) Balochi
Explanation: Urdu is the mother tongue of most Muhajirs who migrated in 1947.

Q9. Which language is used in Pakistani courts and official documents?
a) Sindhi
b) English ☑
c) Punjabi
d) Urdu
Explanation: English remains the official language in legal and administrative matters.

Q10. Hindko language is spoken in:
a) Quetta
b) Abbottabad ☑
c) Karachi
d) Multan
Explanation: Hindko is spoken in parts of Hazara Division (KPK).

Q11. Which ethnic group lives mostly in Karachi besides Muhajirs?
a) Sindhi
b) Pashtun ☑
c) Punjabi
d) Kashmiri
Explanation: Karachi has a large Pashtun population after migration from KPK.

Q12. Kashmiri language is spoken in:
a) Gilgit
b) Azad Kashmir ☑
c) Balochistan
d) Sindh
Explanation: Kashmiri is the main language of Azad Kashmir.

Q13. Which language is written in both Arabic and Devanagari scripts?
a) Sindhi ☑
b) Punjabi
c) Pashto
d) Balochi
Explanation: Sindhi historically had multiple scripts, but Arabic script is now dominant.

Q14. Which ethnic group is known for tribal traditions?
a) Punjabi
b) Pashtun ☑
c) Muhajir
d) Sindhi
Explanation: Pashtun society follows tribal customs and Pashtunwali code.

Q15. Brahui is a Dravidian language spoken in:
a) Sindh
b) Balochistan ☑
c) Punjab
d) Gilgit-Baltistan
Explanation: Brahui is spoken mainly in central Balochistan.

Q16. Which ethnic group is famous for its folklore and music tradition?
a) Sindhi ☑
b) Punjabi
c) Baloch
d) Pashtun
Explanation: Sindhi culture is rich in Sufi poetry, Ajrak, and music.

Q17. Majority of Pakistan’s population belongs to which ethnic group?
a) Sindhi
b) Punjabi ☑
c) Pashtun
d) Baloch
Explanation: Punjabis form the largest ethnic group in Pakistan.

Q18. Which regional language has its own provincial assembly act promoting it?
a) Sindhi ☑
b) Punjabi
c) Pashto
d) Balochi
Explanation: Sindhi is officially recognized in Sindh through legislation.

Q19. Which language has the richest Sufi poetry tradition in Pakistan?
a) Punjabi ☑
b) Urdu
c) Pashto
d) English
Explanation: Punjabi literature is enriched by Sufi poets like Bulleh Shah, Waris Shah.

Q20. Balti language belongs to which language family?
a) Indo-Aryan
b) Tibeto-Burman ☑
c) Dravidian
d) Semitic
Explanation: Balti, spoken in Baltistan, belongs to the Tibetan language group.

Festivals & Arts/Literature Mcqs EST

Q21. Which festival marks the end of Ramadan in Pakistan?
a) Shab-e-Barat
b) Eid-ul-Fitr ☑
c) Eid-ul-Adha
d) Eid Milad-un-Nabi
Explanation: Eid-ul-Fitr is celebrated after the holy month of Ramadan with prayers and festivities.

Q22. Eid-ul-Adha is also known as:
a) Festival of Lights
b) Festival of Sacrifice ☑
c) Harvest Festival
d) Festival of Spring
Explanation: Eid-ul-Adha commemorates Prophet Ibrahim’s sacrifice.

Q23. Which traditional festival is celebrated in Punjab during spring?
a) Basant ☑
b) Nowruz
c) Shandur Polo
d) Urs of Lal Shahbaz Qalandar
Explanation: Basant, celebrated with kite flying, marks the arrival of spring in Punjab.

Q24. Shandur Polo Festival is held in:
a) Sindh
b) Gilgit-Baltistan ☑
c) Punjab
d) Balochistan
Explanation: Shandur Polo is played at the world’s highest polo ground in Gilgit-Baltistan.

Q25. Urs festivals in Pakistan are associated with:
a) Political leaders
b) Sufi Saints ☑
c) National heroes
d) Tribal chiefs
Explanation: Urs marks the death anniversary of Sufi saints and is celebrated with music, poetry, and rituals.

Q26. Nowruz festival is celebrated mostly by:
a) Pashtuns
b) Shia communities ☑
c) Punjabis
d) Muhajirs
Explanation: Nowruz, the Persian New Year, is celebrated by Shia Muslims and communities in Gilgit-Baltistan.

Q27. Which is Pakistan’s national poet?
a) Faiz Ahmed Faiz
b) Allama Iqbal ☑
c) Mirza Ghalib
d) Ahmed Nadeem Qasmi
Explanation: Dr. Allama Iqbal is regarded as the national poet of Pakistan for his inspiring poetry.

Q28. Who wrote the famous Punjabi epic “Heer Ranjha”?
a) Waris Shah ☑
b) Bulleh Shah
c) Khawaja Ghulam Farid
d) Shah Abdul Latif
Explanation: Waris Shah’s “Heer Ranjha” is a classic of Punjabi literature.

Q29. Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai is a famous poet of:
a) Sindhi literature ☑
b) Urdu literature
c) Punjabi literature
d) Pashto literature
Explanation: Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai enriched Sindhi literature with his mystical poetry.

Q30. The poetry of Khushal Khan Khattak belongs to which language?
a) Sindhi
b) Pashto ☑
c) Urdu
d) Punjabi
Explanation: Khushal Khan Khattak was a great Pashto poet, warrior, and thinker.

Q31. Faiz Ahmed Faiz is associated with which type of poetry?
a) Romantic
b) Progressive ☑
c) Religious
d) Epic
Explanation: Faiz Ahmed Faiz was a progressive poet, blending revolutionary and romantic themes.

Q32. The Ajrak is a cultural symbol of which province?
a) Punjab
b) Sindh ☑
c) KPK
d) Balochistan
Explanation: Ajrak is a traditional Sindhi block-printed shawl, symbolizing Sindh’s identity.

Q33. Which Pakistani artist is famous as a world-renowned painter?
a) Gulgee ☑
b) Faiz Ahmed Faiz
c) Anwar Maqsood
d) Jamil Naqsh
Explanation: Ismail Gulgee was a famous painter known for his calligraphy and portraits.

Q34. The truck art of Pakistan is best described as:
a) Wooden carvings
b) Decorative painting ☑
c) Textile embroidery
d) Metal crafting
Explanation: Truck art involves colorful and decorative paintings on trucks, reflecting folk art.

Q35. Which is considered the national dress of Pakistan?
a) Kurta Pajama
b) Shalwar Kameez ☑
c) Sherwani
d) Waistcoat
Explanation: Shalwar Kameez is officially recognized as Pakistan’s national dress.

Q36. “Sassi Punnu” is a famous folktale from:
a) Punjab
b) Sindh ☑
c) Balochistan
d) KPK
Explanation: Sassi Punnu is a Sindhi folktale of love and tragedy.

Q37. Which is Pakistan’s national flower?
a) Jasmine ☑
b) Rose
c) Sunflower
d) Tulip
Explanation: Jasmine (Chambeli) is recognized as the national flower of Pakistan.

Q38. The “Mela Chiraghan” festival is held in Lahore to honor:
a) Waris Shah
b) Madhu Lal Hussain ☑
c) Bulleh Shah
d) Shah Abdul Latif
Explanation: Mela Chiraghan is held in memory of the Sufi saint Madhu Lal Hussain.

Q39. Ustad Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan was famous for which art form?
a) Ghazal
b) Qawwali ☑
c) Classical Raag
d) Nazm
Explanation: Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan was an internationally renowned Qawwali singer.

Q40. Which Pakistani female artist gained fame in pop music?
a) Abida Parveen
b) Nazia Hassan ☑
c) Noor Jehan
d) Hadiqa Kiani
Explanation: Nazia Hassan was a pioneer of pop music in Pakistan, remembered for “Disco Deewane.”

Languages & Ethnic Groups Mcqs EST

Q21. Which language is spoken as the mother tongue by the largest population in Pakistan?
a) Sindhi
b) Punjabi
c) Pashto
d) Urdu
Answer: b) Punjabi
Explanation: Punjabi is spoken as the first language by about 44% of Pakistan’s population, making it the most widely spoken mother tongue.

Q22. Which province has the highest number of Pashto speakers?
a) Punjab
b) Sindh
c) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
d) Balochistan
Answer: c) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Explanation: Pashto is the dominant language of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, spoken by the majority population there.

Q23. Urdu is the:
a) Provincial language of Sindh
b) National language of Pakistan
c) Regional language of Punjab
d) Minority language of Gilgit-Baltistan
Answer: b) National language of Pakistan
Explanation: Urdu is not a provincial language but serves as the national language, uniting different ethnic groups.

Q24. The Brahui language belongs to which language family?
a) Dravidian
b) Indo-Aryan
c) Semitic
d) Turkic
Answer: a) Dravidian
Explanation: Brahui is a unique Dravidian language spoken mainly in central Balochistan.

Q25. Sindhi language uses which script?
a) Gurmukhi
b) Arabic script with additional letters
c) Devanagari
d) Latin script
Answer: b) Arabic script with additional letters
Explanation: Sindhi is written in a modified Arabic script with extra letters to represent Sindhi sounds.

Festivals Mcqs EST

Q26. Which of the following is the most widely celebrated religious festival in Pakistan?
a) Basant
b) Eid-ul-Fitr
c) Nowruz
d) Shab-e-Meraj
Answer: b) Eid-ul-Fitr
Explanation: Eid-ul-Fitr marks the end of Ramadan and is celebrated across the country.

Q27. Basant festival was traditionally associated with which city?
a) Karachi
b) Lahore
c) Multan
d) Quetta
Answer: b) Lahore
Explanation: Lahore is famous for Basant, celebrated with kite flying, though it has been banned due to safety concerns.

Q28. Shandur Polo Festival is celebrated in which region?
a) Sindh
b) Gilgit-Baltistan
c) Balochistan
d) Punjab
Answer: b) Gilgit-Baltistan
Explanation: The Shandur Polo Festival, known as the “roof of the world” polo, is held at Shandur Pass between Chitral and Gilgit.

Q29. Urs of Lal Shahbaz Qalandar is held annually in:
a) Sehwan Sharif
b) Multan
c) Lahore
d) Bahawalpur
Answer: a) Sehwan Sharif
Explanation: Sehwan Sharif in Sindh is the shrine of Lal Shahbaz Qalandar, where his Urs attracts thousands of devotees.

Q30. Which community in Pakistan celebrates the Nowruz festival?
a) Pashtun
b) Hazara
c) Sindhi
d) Punjabi
Answer: b) Hazara
Explanation: Nowruz (Persian New Year) is celebrated by the Hazara and other Persian-speaking communities.

Arts & Literature Mcqs

Q31. Who is considered the national poet of Pakistan?
a) Faiz Ahmed Faiz
b) Allama Iqbal
c) Ahmad Nadeem Qasmi
d) Mirza Ghalib
Answer: b) Allama Iqbal
Explanation: Allama Iqbal, the “Poet of the East,” inspired the Pakistan Movement and is recognized as the national poet.

Q32. Faiz Ahmed Faiz was famous for which form of poetry?
a) Romantic poetry
b) Revolutionary and progressive poetry
c) Epic poetry
d) Religious poetry
Answer: b) Revolutionary and progressive poetry
Explanation: Faiz wrote about social justice, revolution, and human rights, inspiring progressive movements.

Q33. Who wrote the national anthem of Pakistan?
a) Hafeez Jalandhari
b) Josh Malihabadi
c) Faiz Ahmed Faiz
d) Mir Taqi Mir
Answer: a) Hafeez Jalandhari
Explanation: The lyrics of Pakistan’s national anthem were written by Hafeez Jalandhari in 1952.

Q34. Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai’s poetry is compiled in:
a) Shah Jo Risalo
b) Diwan-e-Ghalib
c) Bang-e-Dra
d) Bulleh Shah Kalam
Answer: a) Shah Jo Risalo
Explanation: Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai, the Sindhi Sufi poet, wrote his poetry in Shah Jo Risalo.

Q35. Who is known as the “Nightingale of Punjab” for her folk singing?
a) Abida Parveen
b) Noor Jehan
c) Reshma
d) Iqbal Bano
Answer: c) Reshma
Explanation: Reshma was a legendary folk singer from Punjab, earning the title “Nightingale of Punjab.”

Religion & Ideology Mcqs EST

Q36. The Objectives Resolution was passed in which year?
a) 1947
b) 1949
c) 1956
d) 1973
Answer: b) 1949
Explanation: The Objectives Resolution, passed in 1949, laid the ideological foundation of Pakistan, making Islam a guiding principle.

Q37. The slogan “Pakistan ka Matlab Kya? La Ilaha Illallah” was associated with:
a) Allama Iqbal
b) Liaquat Ali Khan
c) Ch. Khaliq-uz-Zaman
d) Quaid-e-Azam
Answer: c) Ch. Khaliq-uz-Zaman
Explanation: The slogan became popular during the Pakistan Movement and highlighted the Islamic ideology behind Pakistan.

Q38. Which Islamic ideology influenced Pakistan’s two-nation theory the most?
a) Pan-Islamism
b) Modernism
c) Sufism
d) Islamic revivalism
Answer: a) Pan-Islamism
Explanation: Pan-Islamism emphasized Muslim unity and distinct identity, strengthening the two-nation theory.

Q39. Which city is known as the spiritual center of Sufism in Pakistan?
a) Lahore
b) Multan
c) Karachi
d) Peshawar
Answer: b) Multan
Explanation: Multan is called the “City of Saints” due to the presence of many Sufi shrines.

Q40. Quaid-e-Azam emphasized that Pakistan would be based on:
a) Secularism
b) Islamic principles with tolerance for minorities
c) Socialism
d) Monarchy
Answer: b) Islamic principles with tolerance for minorities
Explanation: Jinnah highlighted that Pakistan would follow Islamic values while ensuring equal rights for minorities.

Heritage Sites Mcqs

Q41. Which site in Pakistan is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its ancient Buddhist ruins?
a) Mohenjo-daro
b) Taxila
c) Harappa
d) Kot Diji
Answer: b) Taxila
Explanation: Taxila in Punjab is a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its Buddhist monasteries and learning centers.

Q42. Mohenjo-daro, an important Indus Valley Civilization site, is located in:
a) Punjab
b) Sindh
c) Balochistan
d) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Answer: b) Sindh
Explanation: Mohenjo-daro, meaning “Mound of the Dead,” is located in Sindh and dates back to around 2500 BCE.

Q43. Which Mughal-era fort in Lahore is part of UNESCO World Heritage?
a) Red Fort
b) Rohtas Fort
c) Lahore Fort
d) Attock Fort
Answer: c) Lahore Fort
Explanation: Lahore Fort, along with Shalimar Gardens, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site showcasing Mughal architecture.

Q44. The Rohtas Fort was built by:
a) Humayun
b) Akbar
c) Sher Shah Suri
d) Jahangir
Answer: c) Sher Shah Suri
Explanation: Rohtas Fort in Punjab was built by Sher Shah Suri to prevent the return of Humayun.

Q45. Which heritage site is also known as the “Second Kashi” due to its Hindu temples?
a) Hinglaj Mata Temple
b) Katas Raj Temples
c) Tilla Jogian
d) Umarkot Fort
Answer: b) Katas Raj Temples
Explanation: The Katas Raj Temples in Chakwal, Punjab, are ancient Hindu temples considered sacred.

Education

Q46. The first Education Conference of Pakistan was held in:
a) 1947
b) 1948
c) 1951
d) 1956
Answer: b) 1948
Explanation: The first Education Conference was held in Karachi in 1948 under the chairmanship of Quaid-e-Azam.

Q47. Literacy rate of Pakistan according to 2023 estimates is around:
a) 40%
b) 50%
c) 58%
d) 62%
Answer: d) 62%
Explanation: As per latest reports, Pakistan’s literacy rate stands near 62%, though disparities exist between genders and provinces.

Q48. Which constitutional amendment in Pakistan made education a fundamental right?
a) 13th Amendment
b) 18th Amendment
c) 8th Amendment
d) 21st Amendment
Answer: b) 18th Amendment
Explanation: The 18th Amendment (2010) declared free and compulsory education for children aged 5–16 as a fundamental right.

Q49. The Higher Education Commission (HEC) was established in:
a) 1999
b) 2000
c) 2002
d) 2005
Answer: c) 2002
Explanation: HEC was established in 2002, replacing the University Grants Commission, to regulate higher education in Pakistan.

Q50. Which city is home to Pakistan’s first university established after independence?
a) Lahore
b) Karachi
c) Peshawar
d) Quetta
Answer: c) Peshawar
Explanation: The University of Peshawar was established in 1950, making it the first university set up after independence.

Social Issues Mcqs

Q51. The largest social issue faced by Pakistan’s urban areas is:
a) Overpopulation
b) Illiteracy
c) Water scarcity
d) Pollution
Answer: a) Overpopulation
Explanation: Overpopulation in cities like Karachi and Lahore leads to housing, transport, and employment challenges.

Q52. The Hudood Ordinance was introduced during the rule of:
a) Ayub Khan
b) Yahya Khan
c) Zia-ul-Haq
d) Pervez Musharraf
Answer: c) Zia-ul-Haq
Explanation: The Hudood Ordinance was part of Zia-ul-Haq’s Islamization program in the late 1970s.

Q53. Which of the following is a major gender issue in Pakistan?
a) Overrepresentation of women in politics
b) Wage gap and literacy gap
c) Excessive female employment
d) High female literacy
Answer: b) Wage gap and literacy gap
Explanation: Women face lower literacy rates and wage disparities compared to men, making it a key gender issue.

Q54. Pakistan’s Human Development Index (HDI) ranking in 2023 was approximately:
a) 100th
b) 120th
c) 161st
d) 80th
Answer: c) 161st
Explanation: Pakistan ranked around 161st out of 191 countries in the UN HDI, highlighting socio-economic challenges.

Q55. Which city is considered the hub of Pakistan’s NGOs and civil society organizations?
a) Islamabad
b) Lahore
c) Karachi
d) Peshawar
Answer: a) Islamabad
Explanation: Being the capital, Islamabad hosts many NGOs, INGOs, and advocacy organizations.

Religion & Ideology Mcqs

Q56. Which document is considered the “Magna Carta of Pakistan’s ideology”?
a) Lahore Resolution
b) Objective Resolution
c) Pakistan Resolution
d) Nehru Report
Answer: a) Lahore Resolution
Explanation: The Lahore Resolution of 1940 laid the basis for the creation of Pakistan, making it a cornerstone of national ideology.

Q57. Which religious minority has the largest population in Pakistan?
a) Parsis
b) Hindus
c) Christians
d) Sikhs
Answer: b) Hindus
Explanation: Hindus are the largest religious minority in Pakistan, mostly concentrated in Sindh.

Q58. The Council of Islamic Ideology (CII) was established in which year?
a) 1962
b) 1964
c) 1973
d) 1977
Answer: b) 1964
Explanation: The CII was created in 1964 to advise the government on Islamic laws and policies.

Q59. The national ideology of Pakistan is primarily based on:
a) Communism
b) Democracy
c) Islam
d) Secularism
Answer: c) Islam
Explanation: Pakistan’s ideology is rooted in Islam, which was the central basis of the demand for a separate homeland.

Q60. Which Sufi saint is associated with the famous saying “Mann Kunto Maula”?
a) Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai
b) Lal Shahbaz Qalandar
c) Hazrat Ali (R.A.)
d) Data Ganj Bakhsh
Answer: c) Hazrat Ali (R.A.)
Explanation: “Mann Kunto Maula” (For whomever I am master, Ali is also their master) is attributed to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) in honor of Hazrat Ali, and it is often recited in Sufi traditions.

Heritage Sites

Q61. Which site in Sindh is famous for its necropolis with thousands of carved tombs?
a) Makli Hills ☑
b) Moenjodaro
c) Ranikot Fort
d) Sehwan Sharif
Explanation: Makli Necropolis near Thatta is one of the world’s largest graveyards and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Q62. Shah Jahan Mosque, famous for its tile work, is located in:
a) Multan
b) Thatta ☑
c) Lahore
d) Karachi
Explanation: The Shah Jahan Mosque in Thatta, Sindh, was built by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan and is renowned for its exquisite tile work.

Q63. Which fort is called the “Great Wall of Sindh”?
a) Ranikot Fort ☑
b) Rohtas Fort
c) Lahore Fort
d) Baltit Fort
Explanation: Ranikot Fort in Sindh is one of the largest forts in the world, often compared to the Great Wall of China.

Q64. Baltit Fort, a cultural heritage site, is located in:
a) Chitral
b) Hunza ☑
c) Gilgit
d) Skardu
Explanation: Baltit Fort is a 700-year-old fort located in Hunza Valley, Gilgit-Baltistan.

Q65. Which Buddhist site in KPK is famous for the world’s tallest stone-carved Buddha?
a) Taxila
b) Takht-i-Bahi ☑
c) Jamrud
d) Swat Valley
Explanation: Takht-i-Bahi, in Mardan district, is a UNESCO-listed Buddhist monastery site with impressive ruins.

Education (continued)

Q66. Which city is known as the “City of Colleges” in Pakistan?
a) Lahore ☑
b) Islamabad
c) Karachi
d) Multan
Explanation: Lahore is called the “City of Colleges” due to its large number of educational institutions.

Q67. Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU) was established in:
a) 1970
b) 1971
c) 1974 ☑
d) 1979
Explanation: AIOU was established in 1974 and is the first distance-learning university in Asia.

Q68. The first women’s university in Pakistan is:
a) Fatima Jinnah Women University ☑
b) Kinnaird College
c) LCWU
d) Quaid-e-Azam University
Explanation: Fatima Jinnah Women University in Rawalpindi, established in 1998, was Pakistan’s first women-only university.

Q69. Which Pakistani university ranks among the top 500 in the world (2023)?
a) University of Karachi
b) Quaid-e-Azam University ☑
c) Punjab University
d) NUST
Explanation: Quaid-e-Azam University (Islamabad) is consistently ranked among the world’s top 500 universities.

Q70. Pakistan’s literacy policy emphasizes “Education for All” under which global agenda?
a) UNDP Goals
b) SDGs ☑
c) WTO Goals
d) BRICS Policy
Explanation: Pakistan follows the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG-4) for universal education.

Social Issues (continued)

Q71. Which province of Pakistan has the lowest literacy rate?
a) Punjab
b) Sindh
c) Balochistan ☑
d) KPK
Explanation: Balochistan has the lowest literacy rate due to poverty and lack of educational infrastructure.

Q72. A major issue in Pakistan’s rural healthcare system is:
a) Lack of hospitals ☑
b) Overpopulation
c) Traffic problems
d) Pollution
Explanation: Rural areas often lack basic hospitals, doctors, and healthcare facilities.

Q73. Which disease has been a major health challenge for Pakistan, with WHO campaigns for eradication?
a) Tuberculosis
b) Polio ☑
c) Malaria
d) Dengue
Explanation: Pakistan remains one of the last countries where polio is still endemic.

Q74. The largest slum settlement in Pakistan is located in:
a) Lahore
b) Karachi ☑
c) Islamabad
d) Peshawar
Explanation: Orangi Town in Karachi is considered one of the largest slums in Asia.

Q75. What percentage of Pakistan’s population lives below the poverty line (approx. 2023)?
a) 15%
b) 24%
c) 39% ☑
d) 50%
Explanation: About 39% of Pakistan’s population lives below the poverty line, facing food and housing insecurity.

Q76. Which city is most affected by air pollution and smog in Pakistan?
a) Islamabad
b) Karachi
c) Lahore ☑
d) Quetta
Explanation: Lahore suffers from severe winter smog, largely due to traffic and industrial emissions.

Q77. Child labor in Pakistan is most common in which sector?
a) Mining
b) Carpet weaving ☑
c) IT sector
d) Banking
Explanation: Many children work in carpet weaving and brick kiln industries due to poverty.

Q78. Which NGO in Pakistan is famous for humanitarian and social welfare services?
a) Shaukat Khanum Trust
b) Edhi Foundation ☑
c) Saylani Welfare
d) Kashf Foundation
Explanation: The Edhi Foundation, founded by Abdul Sattar Edhi, is the largest welfare organization in Pakistan.

Q79. Malnutrition is most prevalent among children under the age of:
a) 5 years ☑
b) 10 years
c) 12 years
d) 15 years
Explanation: According to UNICEF, malnutrition and stunting affect a high percentage of children under 5 in Pakistan.

Q80. Which UN agency is most active in supporting Pakistan’s education and child welfare programs?
a) UNESCO
b) UNICEF ☑
c) WHO
d) UNDP
Explanation: UNICEF works actively in Pakistan to improve education, nutrition, and healthcare for children.

Religion & Ideology (continued)

Q81. The Objectives Resolution was passed by Pakistan’s Constituent Assembly in:
a) 1947
b) 1948
c) 1949 ☑
d) 1956
Explanation: The Objectives Resolution of 1949 laid the foundation of Pakistan’s constitutional and ideological framework based on Islamic principles.

Q82. Which national day in Pakistan reflects its Islamic ideology?
a) Independence Day
b) Pakistan Day ☑
c) Defence Day
d) Labour Day
Explanation: Pakistan Day, celebrated on March 23, commemorates the Lahore Resolution (1940) and adoption of the Objectives Resolution (1949).

Q83. The majority religion of Pakistan is:
a) Christianity
b) Hinduism
c) Islam ☑
d) Buddhism
Explanation: Around 96% of Pakistan’s population follows Islam.

Q84. Which sect forms the majority of Muslims in Pakistan?
a) Shia
b) Sunni ☑
c) Ahmadi
d) Ismaili
Explanation: Sunni Muslims make up the majority, though Pakistan has significant Shia and other sects.

Q85. The Islamic summit hosted by Pakistan in 1974 was held in:
a) Islamabad ☑
b) Lahore
c) Karachi
d) Rawalpindi
Explanation: The second OIC Islamic Summit Conference was hosted in Lahore in 1974.

Arts & Literature (continued)

Q86. The national poet of Pakistan is:
a) Faiz Ahmed Faiz
b) Mirza Ghalib
c) Allama Iqbal ☑
d) Ahmed Faraz
Explanation: Allama Iqbal is the national poet, remembered for his visionary role in Pakistan’s creation.

Q87. Waris Shah is best known for writing:
a) Heer Ranjha ☑
b) Sassi Punnu
c) Mirza Sahiban
d) Sohni Mahiwal
Explanation: Waris Shah, a Punjabi poet, is famous for his romantic epic Heer Ranjha.

Q88. Which Pakistani artist is globally recognized as the “Queen of Sufi Music”?
a) Abida Parveen ☑
b) Reshma
c) Noor Jehan
d) Farida Khanum
Explanation: Abida Parveen is one of the world’s most renowned Sufi singers.

Q89. The “Truck Art” of Pakistan is famous for:
a) Wood carvings
b) Vibrant painting on vehicles ☑
c) Calligraphy
d) Clay pottery
Explanation: Truck Art is a colorful painting tradition on trucks, buses, and rickshaws in Pakistan.

Q90. The Shah Jo Risalo is a collection of poetry by:
a) Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai ☑
b) Sachal Sarmast
c) Khushal Khan Khattak
d) Bulleh Shah
Explanation: Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai, a Sindhi poet, wrote Shah Jo Risalo, a treasure of Sufi poetry.

Festivals

Q91. Which Islamic festival marks the end of Ramadan?
a) Eid-ul-Azha
b) Eid Milad-un-Nabi
c) Eid-ul-Fitr ☑
d) Shab-e-Barat
Explanation: Eid-ul-Fitr is celebrated at the end of Ramadan, marking a month of fasting.

Q92. Basant, a kite-flying festival, is traditionally celebrated in:
a) Lahore ☑
b) Karachi
c) Peshawar
d) Quetta
Explanation: Lahore is famous for its Basant festival, though it has been banned in recent years.

Q93. Which festival commemorates the sacrifice of Hazrat Ibrahim (A.S.)?
a) Eid-ul-Fitr
b) Eid-ul-Azha ☑
c) Ashura
d) Shab-e-Meraj
Explanation: Eid-ul-Azha is celebrated to honor Prophet Ibrahim’s willingness to sacrifice his son.

Q94. The Urs of Lal Shahbaz Qalandar is held annually in:
a) Sehwan Sharif ☑
b) Multan
c) Lahore
d) Sukkur
Explanation: The Urs of Lal Shahbaz Qalandar, a famous Sufi saint, is held in Sehwan Sharif, Sindh.

Q95. Which day is observed on 9th November in Pakistan?
a) Defence Day
b) Allama Iqbal Day ☑
c) Pakistan Day
d) Labour Day
Explanation: 9th November is observed as Iqbal Day to honor Allama Iqbal’s contributions.

Education & Social Issues (continued)

Q96. Which program was launched by the government to provide free laptops to students?
a) Vision 2025
b) Prime Minister’s Laptop Scheme ☑
c) Digital Pakistan
d) E-Youth Program
Explanation: The PM’s Laptop Scheme was launched to promote IT education among students.

Q97. Pakistan’s first Nobel Prize winner in Physics is:
a) Dr. Abdul Salam ☑
b) Dr. Samar Mubarakmand
c) Dr. Atta-ur-Rahman
d) Dr. Qadeer Khan
Explanation: Dr. Abdul Salam won the Nobel Prize in Physics (1979) for his work on electroweak unification.

Q98. Which Pakistani activist is the youngest Nobel Prize laureate?
a) Benazir Bhutto
b) Malala Yousafzai ☑
c) Asma Jahangir
d) Bilquis Edhi
Explanation: Malala Yousafzai won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2014 at age 17 for advocating girls’ education.

Q99. Which movement in Pakistan promotes literacy through building schools in rural areas?
a) TCF (The Citizens Foundation) ☑
b) Edhi Foundation
c) Saylani Welfare Trust
d) Akhuwat Foundation
Explanation: The Citizens Foundation (TCF) is a non-profit building schools for underprivileged children across Pakistan.

Q100. Pakistan’s Vision 2025 emphasizes development in which key social sector?
a) Defense
b) Education ☑
c) Agriculture
d) Mining
Explanation: Vision 2025 prioritizes education, innovation, and human resource development for Pakistan’s growth.