Chemical Equilibrium or Dynamic Equilibrium

Chemical equilibrium occurs in a reversible reaction when the forward and reverse reaction rates become equal, maintaining constant concentrations of reactants and products. This dynamic balance depends on factors like temperature and pressure, and it is governed by the equilibrium constant

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Kamran Fateh

Chemical Equilibrium or Dynamic Equilibrium

Chemical Equilibrium or Dynamic Equilibrium

Chemical equilibrium occurs in a reversible reaction when the forward and reverse reaction rates become equal, maintaining constant concentrations of reactants and products. This dynamic balance depends on factors like temperature and pressure, and it is governed by the equilibrium constant (

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1) If is large and positive, it indicates that at equilibrium:

1) Products dominate

2) Reactants dominate

3) No change occurs

4) None of the above

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2) Which of the following factors affect the value of for a reaction?

1) Catalyst

2) Temperature

3) Volume

4) Pressure

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3) The value of for the reverse reaction is:

1) 1 / 𝐾

2) K

3) K2

4) None

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4) The effect of increasing volume on a gaseous equilibrium depends on:

1) The number of moles of gases

2) Catalyst present

3) Type of gas

4) None

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5) If number of moles of reactant and product are equal

1) Kp is less than Kc

2) Kp is greater than Kc

3) Kp is equal to Kc

4) None

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6) The reaction quotient (Q) is used to determine:

1) Rate of reaction

2) Initial concentrations

3) Direction of shift to reach equilibrium

4) Value of 𝐾c

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7) If Q > K, the reaction will shift:

1) Right

2) Left

3) Both direction

4) None

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8) Which of the following best describes dynamic equilibrium?

1) No reaction occurs

2) The forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate

3) Concentrations change constantly

4) The reaction stops once equilibrium is reached

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9) If $K_{c} = 0.1$ , it indicates that:

1) Reactants are favored

2) Products are favored

3) Equilibrium does not occur

4) Equilibrium is in the middle

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10) What is the effect of adding a catalyst on the equilibrium constant?

1) Increases it

2) Decreases it

3) No effect

4) Shift Kc

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11) A large value of $K_{c}$ indicates that:

1) Products are favored at equilibrium

2) Reactants are favored at equilibrium

3) No reaction occurs

4) Reaction stops

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12) In an exothermic reaction, increasing the temperature will:

1) Shift equilibrium to the right

2) Shift equilibrium to the left

3) Not affect equilibrium

4) Increase the concentration of products

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13) What is the equilibrium constant (K) for a reaction where products are favored at equilibrium?

1) K is equal to 1

2) K is less than 1

3) K is greater than 1

4) None

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14) If a reaction at equilibrium is disturbed, it will shift to counteract the disturbance. This is called:

1) Reaction Law

2) Le Chatelier’s Principle

3) Conservation Law

4) Reaction Quotient

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15) For a reaction in which $Δ H < 0$ (exothermic), a decrease in temperature will:

1) Shift equilibrium to the left and decrease 𝐾

2) Shift equilibrium to the right and increase 𝐾

3) Shift equilibrium to the right and decrease 𝐾

4) Shift equilibrium to the left and increase 𝐾

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16) For the reaction $N_{2} O_{4} (g) ⇌ 2 N O_{2} (g)$ , if the system is at equilibrium and the volume of the container is decreased, what will happen?

1) The equilibrium will shift to the left, favoring 𝑁2O4

2) The equilibrium will shift to the right, favoring 𝑁O2

3) There will be no change in the position of equilibrium

4) The equilibrium constant 𝐾 will increase.

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17) If a reaction has a large $K_{c}$ value, which of the following is true?

1) The reaction strongly favors the reactants.

2) The reaction strongly favors the products.

3) The reaction does not reach equilibrium.

4) The reaction rate is very high

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18) In the equilibrium $C a C O_{3} (s) ⇌ C a O (s) + C O_{2} (g)$ , if the pressure is decreased, what happens to the equilibrium?

1) Shifts to the left

2) Shifts to the right

3) No change, as there are only solids present

4) 𝐾 increases

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19) For a reaction with $Δ G = 0$ at equilibrium, which of the following is true?

1) The system is not at equilibrium.

2) There is no net change in the concentrations of reactants and products.

3) The reaction only proceeds in the forward direction.

4) The equilibrium constant is equal to zero.

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20) If the solubility of $A g_{2} C O_{3}$ in water is $s$ , what is the expression for its solubility product ?

1) Ksp = s2

2) Ksp = s3

3) Ksp = 4s3

4) None

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21) If the Ksp of $M g (O H)_{2}$ is , what is the molar solubility of $M g (O H)_{2}$ in water?

1) 1.0×10−5 M

2) 1.3×10 -4 M

3) 1.8×10 −6 M

4) 2.5×10 −4 M

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22) What does the solubility product constant (Ksp) represent?

1) The concentration of reactants in a solution

2) The equilibrium constant for a salt dissolving in water

3) The rate of reaction in a solution

4) The concentration of a gas

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23) What happens to the solubility of a salt if a common ion is added to the solution?

1) Solubility increases

2) Solubility decreases

3) Solubility remains the same

4) Salt fully dissolves

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24) Which of the following changes can disturb a dynamic equilibrium in a closed system?

1) Adding a catalyst

2) Changing the temperature

3) Decreasing the volume of a solid reactant

4) Removing a solvent

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25) The average rate of a reaction over a time interval is defined as

1) The rate at a specific moment in time

2) The change in concentration of a reactant or product divided by the time interval

3) The total concentration of reactants consumed

4) The rate at which equilibrium is reached

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26) The Law of Mass Action states that the rate of a reaction is directly proportional to:

1) The total volume of the reaction

2) The product of the molar concentrations of reactants, each raised to the power of their stoichiometric coefficients

3) The temperature of the system

4) The difference in concentration between products and reactants

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27) For a reaction at equilibrium, the Law of Mass Action helps to determine:

1) The rate of the forward reaction only

2) The concentration of a catalyst needed

3) The equilibrium constant

4) The enthalpy change of the reaction

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28) Which word is an antonym of "fetid"?

1) Musty

2) Clean

3) Sweet-smelling

4) Offensive

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29) Which of the following is a synonym of "faun"?

1) Sprite

2) Satyr

3) Nymph

4) Troll

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30) Which word is a synonym for "famish"?

1) Devour

2) Sate

3) Hunger

4) Feast

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