AP Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism Practice Test 18 – 60 Questions with Answers
Test yourself with 60 original AP Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism practice questions covering all 6 units of the course: electric charges, fields, and Gauss’s law, electric potential, conductors and capacitors, electric circuits, magnetic fields and electromagnetism, and electromagnetic induction. Every answer includes the full working. All questions are calculus-based.
Unit 8: Electric Charges, Fields, and Gauss’s Law
Q1. Two small charged spheres carry charges of 7 μC and 2 μC and are held 0.1 m apart in air. What is the magnitude of the electrostatic force between them?
- (A) 25.2 N
- (B) 6.3 N
- (C) 18.9 N
- (D) 12.6 N
Show Answer
Answer: D – Using Coulomb’s law, F = kq1q2/r² = (9.00×109)(7×10-6)(2×10-6)/(0.1)² = 12.6 N.
Q2. A point charge of 4 μC is fixed in vacuum. What is the magnitude of the electric field at a point 0.3 m from the charge?
- (A) 800 kN/C
- (B) 200 kN/C
- (C) 400 kN/C
- (D) 600 kN/C
Show Answer
Answer: C – E = kQ/r² = (9.00×109)(4×10-6)/(0.3)² = 4×105 N/C = 400 kN/C.
Q3. A closed Gaussian surface encloses a net charge of 9 nC. What is the net electric flux through the surface?
- (A) 2.03×103 N·m²/C
- (B) 508 N·m²/C
- (C) 1.53×103 N·m²/C
- (D) 1.02×103 N·m²/C
Show Answer
Answer: D – By Gauss’s law, Φ = Qenc/ε0 = (9×10-9)/(8.85×10-12) = 1.02×103 N·m²/C.
Q4. An infinitely long straight wire carries a uniform linear charge density of 1.2 μC/m. What is the magnitude of the electric field at a perpendicular distance of 0.4 m from the wire?
- (A) 108 kN/C
- (B) 27 kN/C
- (C) 54 kN/C
- (D) 81 kN/C
Show Answer
Answer: C – For an infinite line, E = 2kλ/r = 2(9.00×109)(1.2×10-6)/(0.4) = 54 kN/C.
Q5. A very large flat conducting sheet carries a uniform surface charge density of 5 μC/m². What is the magnitude of the electric field just outside the sheet?
- (A) 282 kN/C
- (B) 1.13×103 kN/C
- (C) 565 kN/C
- (D) 847 kN/C
Show Answer
Answer: C – Just outside a charged conducting sheet, E = σ/ε0 = 565 kN/C.
Q6. A solid insulating sphere of radius 0.2 m carries a total charge of 8 μC uniformly distributed through its volume. What is the magnitude of the electric field at a distance of 0.08 m from its centre?
- (A) 720 kN/C
- (B) 1.44×103 kN/C
- (C) 360 kN/C
- (D) 1.08×103 kN/C
Show Answer
Answer: A – Inside a uniformly charged solid sphere, Gauss’s law gives E = kQr/R³ = (9.00×109)(8×10-6)(0.08)/(0.2)³ = 720 kN/C.
Q7. A thin spherical shell of radius 0.25 m carries a total charge of 5 μC uniformly on its surface. What is the magnitude of the electric field at a distance of 0.5 m from the centre of the shell?
- (A) 360 kN/C
- (B) 180 kN/C
- (C) 90 kN/C
- (D) 270 kN/C
Show Answer
Answer: B – Outside the shell the field is that of a point charge at the centre: E = kQ/r² = (9.00×109)(5×10-6)/(0.5)² = 180 kN/C.
Q8. A thin rod of length 0.5 m carries a total charge of 6 μC uniformly along its length. Using integration, what is the magnitude of the electric field at a point on the rod’s axis at a distance of 0.25 m from its nearer end?
- (A) 576 kN/C
- (B) 288 kN/C
- (C) 144 kN/C
- (D) 432 kN/C
Show Answer
Answer: B – Integrating dE = kλdx/x² from x = 0.25 m to 0.75 m gives E = kQ/[a(a + L)] = (9.00×109)(6×10-6)/[(0.25)(0.75)] = 288 kN/C.
Q9. A thin ring of radius 0.2 m carries a total charge of 5 μC uniformly around its circumference. What is the magnitude of the electric field on the ring’s axis at a distance of 0.4 m from its centre?
- (A) 402 kN/C
- (B) 201 kN/C
- (C) 101 kN/C
- (D) 302 kN/C
Show Answer
Answer: B – On the axis, E = kQz/(z² + R²)3/2 = (9.00×109)(5×10-6)(0.4)/(0.4² + 0.2²)3/2 = 201 kN/C.
Q10. An electric dipole consists of charges of +5 μC and -5 μC separated by 0.06 m. What is the approximate magnitude of the electric field on the dipole axis at a distance of 0.4 m from its centre, where the distance is much larger than the separation?
- (A) 169 kN/C
- (B) 42.2 kN/C
- (C) 127 kN/C
- (D) 84.4 kN/C
Show Answer
Answer: D – On the axis far from a dipole, E ≈ 2kp/r³ with p = qd = (5×10-6)(0.06) C·m, giving E = 84.4 kN/C.
Q11. A Gaussian surface encloses a pair of charges +q and -q and no other charge. What is the net electric flux through the surface, and why?
- (A) Zero, because the enclosed net charge is zero
- (B) Zero, because the field is zero everywhere on the surface
- (C) Non-zero, because each charge produces flux
- (D) Non-zero, because the dipole field never cancels
Show Answer
Answer: A – Gauss’s law gives Φ = Qenc/ε0. The enclosed charges +q and -q cancel, so Qenc = 0 and the net flux is zero, even though the field on the surface is not zero.
Q12. Two positive point charges of 2 μC and 3 μC lie on the x-axis. A point P lies on the same axis beyond both charges, 0.6 m from the first charge and 0.35 m from the second charge. What is the magnitude of the net electric field at P?
- (A) 541 kN/C
- (B) 270 kN/C
- (C) 135 kN/C
- (D) 406 kN/C
Show Answer
Answer: B – Both fields point away from their charges, in the same direction at P, so E = kq1/r1² + kq2/r2² = 270 kN/C.
Unit 9: Electric Potential
Q13. A point charge of 3 μC is fixed in vacuum. What is the electric potential at a distance of 0.25 m from the charge, taking the potential at infinity to be zero?
- (A) 108 kV
- (B) 216 kV
- (C) 54 kV
- (D) 162 kV
Show Answer
Answer: A – V = kQ/r = (9.00×109)(3×10-6)/(0.25) = 108 kV.
Q14. Two point charges of 3 μC and 2 μC are held 0.2 m apart. What is the electric potential energy of this pair, taking zero energy at infinite separation?
- (A) 0.54 J
- (B) 0.135 J
- (C) 0.405 J
- (D) 0.27 J
Show Answer
Answer: D – U = kq1q2/r = (9.00×109)(3×10-6)(2×10-6)/(0.2) = 0.27 J.
Q15. A thin ring of radius 0.1 m carries a total charge of 2 μC uniformly around its circumference. What is the electric potential on the ring’s axis at a distance of 0.3 m from its centre?
- (A) 114 kV
- (B) 28.5 kV
- (C) 85.4 kV
- (D) 56.9 kV
Show Answer
Answer: D – Every element of charge is at the same distance √(z² + R²) from the point, so V = kQ/√(z² + R²) = 56.9 kV.
Q16. A thin rod of length 0.5 m carries a uniform linear charge density of 2 μC/m. By integrating the contributions of its charge elements, what is the electric potential at a point on the rod’s axis 0.1 m from its nearer end, with zero potential at infinity?
- (A) 64.5 kV
- (B) 16.1 kV
- (C) 32.3 kV
- (D) 48.4 kV
Show Answer
Answer: C – V = ∪kλdx/x = kλ ln[(a + L)/a] = (9.00×109)(2×10-6) ln(0.6/0.1) = 32.3 kV.
Q17. A uniform electric field of 800 N/C points in the +x direction. A charge is moved 0.15 m in the +x direction. By how much does the electric potential change?
- (A) -120 V
- (B) 120 V
- (C) -240 V
- (D) -60 V
Show Answer
Answer: A – ΔV = -EΔx = -(800)(0.15) = -120 V. The potential falls in the direction of the field.
Q18. The electric potential along the x-axis is V(x) = 60x² + 30x volts, where x is in metres. What is the x-component of the electric field at x = 2 m?
- (A) 270 V/m
- (B) -540 V/m
- (C) -135 V/m
- (D) -270 V/m
Show Answer
Answer: D – Ex = -dV/dx = -(120x + 30). At x = 2 m this gives Ex = -270 V/m.
Q19. A charge of 6 μC is moved through a potential increase of 4000 V by an external agent at constant speed. How much work does the external agent do?
- (A) 24 mJ
- (B) 48 mJ
- (C) 12 mJ
- (D) 36 mJ
Show Answer
Answer: A – W = qΔV = (6×10-6)(4000) = 24 mJ.
Q20. A conducting sphere of radius 0.4 m carries a total charge of 3 μC. What is the electric potential at the surface of the sphere, with zero potential at infinity?
- (A) 135 kV
- (B) 33.8 kV
- (C) 67.5 kV
- (D) 101 kV
Show Answer
Answer: C – Outside a charged sphere V = kQ/r, so at the surface V = kQ/R = (9.00×109)(3×10-6)/(0.4) = 67.5 kV.
Q21. At a certain location the electric potential is zero. Which statement about the electric field at that location is necessarily correct?
- (A) The field must be zero
- (B) The field must be at its maximum value
- (C) The field may be zero or non-zero; zero potential does not fix the field
- (D) The field must point toward the point
Show Answer
Answer: C – Potential is defined up to an additive constant and depends on the reference point, while the field is the negative gradient of the potential. A single location of zero potential says nothing by itself about the gradient there.
Unit 10: Conductors and Capacitors
Q22. A parallel-plate capacitor has plates of area 400 cm² separated by 3 mm of air. What is its capacitance?
- (A) 236 pF
- (B) 59 pF
- (C) 177 pF
- (D) 118 pF
Show Answer
Answer: D – C = ε0A/d = (8.85×10-12)(400×10-4)/(3×10-3) = 118 pF.
Q23. An air-filled capacitor has capacitance 20 pF. It is completely filled with a dielectric of dielectric constant 3 while its geometry is unchanged. What is the new capacitance?
- (A) 120 pF
- (B) 30 pF
- (C) 60 pF
- (D) 90 pF
Show Answer
Answer: C – C = κC0 = (3)(20 pF) = 60 pF.
Q24. A capacitor of capacitance 4 μF is charged to 50 V. How much energy is stored in the capacitor?
- (A) 10 mJ
- (B) 2.5 mJ
- (C) 5 mJ
- (D) 7.5 mJ
Show Answer
Answer: C – U = (1/2)CV² = (1/2)(4×10-6)(50)² = 5 mJ.
Q25. Capacitors of 4 μF and 2 μF are connected in series. What is their equivalent capacitance?
- (A) 2.67 μF
- (B) 1.33 μF
- (C) 0.667 μF
- (D) 2 μF
Show Answer
Answer: B – 1/Ceq = 1/4 + 1/2, so Ceq = 4×2/(4 + 2) = 1.33 μF.
Q26. Capacitors of 2 μF, 3 μF and 1 μF are connected in parallel. What is their equivalent capacitance?
- (A) 6 μF
- (B) 12 μF
- (C) 3 μF
- (D) 9 μF
Show Answer
Answer: A – For a parallel combination, Ceq = C1 + C2 + C3 = 6 μF.
Q27. A capacitor of capacitance 6 μF is connected across a 100 V battery. What charge is stored on each plate?
- (A) 600 μC
- (B) 1.2×103 μC
- (C) 300 μC
- (D) 900 μC
Show Answer
Answer: A – Q = CV = (6 μF)(100 V) = 600 μC.
Q28. A parallel-plate capacitor has a potential difference of 400 V across plates separated by 4 mm. What is the magnitude of the uniform electric field between the plates, ignoring edge effects?
- (A) 200 kV/m
- (B) 50 kV/m
- (C) 100 kV/m
- (D) 150 kV/m
Show Answer
Answer: C – E = V/d = (400)/(4×10-3) = 100 kV/m.
Q29. A spherical capacitor consists of concentric conducting spheres of radii 0.06 m and 0.2 m. What is its capacitance?
- (A) 19.1 pF
- (B) 4.77 pF
- (C) 14.3 pF
- (D) 9.53 pF
Show Answer
Answer: D – C = 4πε0ab/(b – a) = (4π×8.85×10-12)(0.06)(0.2)/(0.2 – 0.06) = 9.53 pF.
Unit 11: Electric Circuits
Q30. A resistor of 6 Ω is connected across a 12 V battery of negligible internal resistance. What is the current through the resistor?
- (A) 4 A
- (B) 2 A
- (C) 1 A
- (D) 3 A
Show Answer
Answer: B – I = V/R = 12/6 = 2 A.
Q31. Resistors of 3 Ω, 4 Ω and 4 Ω are connected in series across a 24 V battery. What is the current in the circuit?
- (A) 2.18 A
- (B) 4.36 A
- (C) 1.09 A
- (D) 3.27 A
Show Answer
Answer: A – Req = 3 + 4 + 4 = 11 Ω, so I = V/Req = 24/11 = 2.18 A.
Q32. Resistors of 12 Ω and 8 Ω are connected in parallel. What is their equivalent resistance?
- (A) 9.6 Ω
- (B) 4.8 Ω
- (C) 2.4 Ω
- (D) 7.2 Ω
Show Answer
Answer: B – 1/Req = 1/12 + 1/8, so Req = 12×8/(12 + 8) = 4.8 Ω.
Q33. A 4 Ω resistor is connected across a 20 V supply. At what rate is electrical energy converted to heat in the resistor?
- (A) 200 W
- (B) 50 W
- (C) 100 W
- (D) 150 W
Show Answer
Answer: C – P = V²/R = (20)²/4 = 100 W.
Q34. In a single loop, two batteries of emf 12 V and 3 V oppose each other, and the total resistance in the loop is 4 Ω. What is the current in the loop?
- (A) 2.25 A
- (B) 4.5 A
- (C) 1.12 A
- (D) 3.38 A
Show Answer
Answer: A – Applying Kirchhoff’s loop rule, (12 – 3) = I(4), so I = 9/4 = 2.25 A, in the direction of the larger emf.
Q35. A battery of emf 9 V and internal resistance 1 Ω is connected to an external resistor of 5 Ω. What is the terminal voltage of the battery?
- (A) 7.5 V
- (B) 15 V
- (C) 3.75 V
- (D) 11.2 V
Show Answer
Answer: A – I = E/(R + r) = 9/(5 + 1) A, so V = E – Ir = 7.5 V.
Q36. A resistor of 25 kΩ and a capacitor of 5 μF are connected in series. What is the time constant of this RC circuit?
- (A) 250 ms
- (B) 125 ms
- (C) 62.5 ms
- (D) 188 ms
Show Answer
Answer: B – τ = RC = (25×103 Ω)(5×10-6 F) = 125 ms.
Q37. An uncharged capacitor is connected in series with a 2 kΩ resistor across a 15 V battery. The time constant is τ. What is the current in the circuit at time t = 2τ after the connection is made?
- (A) 2.03 mA
- (B) 1.02 mA
- (C) 0.508 mA
- (D) 1.52 mA
Show Answer
Answer: B – Solving the RC differential equation gives I(t) = (V/R)e-t/τ. Here V/R = 7.5 mA, so at t = 2τ, I = 7.5e-2 = 1.02 mA.
Q38. A capacitor charged to 25 V is discharged through a resistor. The time constant of the circuit is τ. What is the voltage across the capacitor at time t = 1τ after discharging begins?
- (A) 4.6 V
- (B) 18.4 V
- (C) 13.8 V
- (D) 9.2 V
Show Answer
Answer: D – From dV/dt = -V/τ, V(t) = V0e-t/τ = (25)e-1 = 9.2 V.
Q39. A wire of length 2 m and cross-sectional area 0.5 mm² is made of a material of resistivity 0.5×10-6 Ω·m. What is the resistance of the wire?
- (A) 4 Ω
- (B) 1 Ω
- (C) 3 Ω
- (D) 2 Ω
Show Answer
Answer: D – R = ρL/A = (0.5×10-6)(2)/(0.5×10-6) = 2 Ω.
Q40. A total current of 4 A splits between two parallel branches of resistance 4 Ω and 3 Ω. What is the current through the 4 Ω branch?
- (A) 1.71 A
- (B) 3.43 A
- (C) 0.857 A
- (D) 2.57 A
Show Answer
Answer: A – Both branches have the same voltage, so I1 = ItotalR2/(R1 + R2) = (4)(3)/(4 + 3) = 1.71 A.
Q41. A current of 2 A flows through a 10 Ω resistor for 30 s. How much electrical energy is converted to heat in the resistor during this time?
- (A) 2.4 kJ
- (B) 1.2 kJ
- (C) 0.6 kJ
- (D) 1.8 kJ
Show Answer
Answer: B – E = I²Rt = (2)²(10)(30) = 1.2 kJ.
Unit 12: Magnetic Fields and Electromagnetism
Q42. An electron moves at 1×106 m/s perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field of 0.02 T. What is the magnitude of the magnetic force on the electron?
- (A) 6.4 ×10-15 N
- (B) 1.6 ×10-15 N
- (C) 4.8 ×10-15 N
- (D) 3.2 ×10-15 N
Show Answer
Answer: D – F = qvB sinθ = (1.60×10-19)(1×106)(0.02) = 3.2×10-15 N.
Q43. A straight wire of length 1 m carries a current of 10 A perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field of 0.2 T. What is the magnitude of the magnetic force on the wire?
- (A) 4 N
- (B) 1 N
- (C) 2 N
- (D) 3 N
Show Answer
Answer: C – F = ILB sinθ = (10)(1)(0.2) = 2 N.
Q44. A long straight wire carries a current of 12 A. What is the magnitude of the magnetic field at a distance of 0.1 m from the wire?
- (A) 48 μT
- (B) 24 μT
- (C) 12 μT
- (D) 36 μT
Show Answer
Answer: B – B = μ0I/(2πr) = (2×10-7)(12)/(0.1) = 24 μT.
Q45. A circular loop of radius 0.04 m carries a current of 5 A. What is the magnitude of the magnetic field at the centre of the loop?
- (A) 157 μT
- (B) 39.3 μT
- (C) 118 μT
- (D) 78.5 μT
Show Answer
Answer: D – B = μ0I/(2R) = (4π×10-7)(5)/(2×0.04) = 78.5 μT.
Q46. A solenoid has 1000 turns per metre and carries a current of 4 A. What is the magnitude of the magnetic field inside the solenoid, far from its ends?
- (A) 10.1 mT
- (B) 2.51 mT
- (C) 5.03 mT
- (D) 7.54 mT
Show Answer
Answer: C – B = μ0nI = (4π×10-7)(1000)(4) = 5.03 mT.
Q47. A proton moves at 5×104 m/s perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field of 0.05 T. What is the radius of its circular path?
- (A) 2.09 cm
- (B) 0.522 cm
- (C) 1.04 cm
- (D) 1.57 cm
Show Answer
Answer: C – qvB = mv²/r, so r = mv/(qB) = (1.67×10-27)(5×104)/((1.60×10-19)(0.05)) = 1.04 cm.
Q48. A rectangular coil of 100 turns, of sides 0.1 m by 0.1 m, carries a current of 1 A in a uniform magnetic field of 0.3 T. When the angle between the coil’s normal and the field is 60°, what is the magnitude of the torque on the coil?
- (A) 520 mN·m
- (B) 130 mN·m
- (C) 260 mN·m
- (D) 390 mN·m
Show Answer
Answer: C – τ = NIAB sinθ = (100)(1)(0.1×0.1)(0.3) sin 60° = 260 mN·m.
Q49. Two long parallel wires carry currents of 8 A and 10 A in the same direction and are 0.05 m apart. What is the magnitude of the magnetic force per unit length between the wires?
- (A) 0.64 mN/m
- (B) 0.32 mN/m
- (C) 0.16 mN/m
- (D) 0.48 mN/m
Show Answer
Answer: B – F/L = μ0I1I2/(2πd) = (2×10-7)(8)(10)/(0.05) = 0.32 mN/m. The wires attract each other.
Q50. A long straight cylindrical wire of radius 0.06 m carries a uniformly distributed current of 8 A. What is the magnitude of the magnetic field at a distance of 0.02 m from the wire’s axis, inside the wire?
- (A) 17.8 μT
- (B) 4.44 μT
- (C) 13.3 μT
- (D) 8.89 μT
Show Answer
Answer: D – By Ampere’s law inside the wire, B = μ0Ir/(2πR²) = (2×10-7)(8)(0.02)/(0.06)² = 8.89 μT.
Unit 13: Electromagnetic Induction
Q51. A flat loop of area 100 cm² is placed in a uniform magnetic field of 0.3 T. The angle between the field and the normal to the loop is 0°. What is the magnetic flux through the loop?
- (A) 6 mWb
- (B) 1.5 mWb
- (C) 4.5 mWb
- (D) 3 mWb
Show Answer
Answer: D – Φ = BA cosθ = (0.3)(100×10-4) cos 0° = 3 mWb.
Q52. A coil of 25 turns and area 200 cm² is placed with its plane perpendicular to a magnetic field. The field strength increases uniformly at 2 T/s. What is the magnitude of the induced emf in the coil?
- (A) 2×103 mV
- (B) 1×103 mV
- (C) 500 mV
- (D) 1.5×103 mV
Show Answer
Answer: B – ε = -N dΦ/dt = NA(dB/dt) = (25)(200×10-4)(2) = 1×103 mV in magnitude.
Q53. A conducting rod of length 0.2 m moves at 2 m/s perpendicular to its length and perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field of 0.1 T. What is the magnitude of the motional emf between the ends of the rod?
- (A) 0.08 V
- (B) 0.02 V
- (C) 0.06 V
- (D) 0.04 V
Show Answer
Answer: D – ε = BLv = (0.1)(0.2)(2) = 0.04 V.
Q54. A coil with 1 turn, area 200 cm² and resistance 20 Ω lies perpendicular to a magnetic field that changes at 1 T/s. What is the magnitude of the induced current in the coil?
- (A) 1 mA
- (B) 2 mA
- (C) 0.5 mA
- (D) 1.5 mA
Show Answer
Answer: A – ε = N A(dB/dt) = (1)(200×10-4)(1) V, so I = ε/R = 1 mA. By Lenz’s law its direction opposes the change in flux.
Q55. An inductor of inductance 50 mH carries a current that changes at a rate of 20 A/s. What is the magnitude of the induced emf across the inductor?
- (A) 2 V
- (B) 1 V
- (C) 0.5 V
- (D) 1.5 V
Show Answer
Answer: B – ε = L|dI/dt| = (50×10-3)(20) = 1 V, opposing the change in current.
Q56. An inductor of inductance 50 mH carries a steady current of 3 A. How much energy is stored in its magnetic field?
- (A) 450 mJ
- (B) 225 mJ
- (C) 112 mJ
- (D) 338 mJ
Show Answer
Answer: B – U = (1/2)LI² = (1/2)(50×10-3)(3)² = 225 mJ.
Q57. An inductor of inductance 150 mH is connected in series with a resistor of 25 Ω. What is the time constant of this LR circuit?
- (A) 3 ms
- (B) 12 ms
- (C) 6 ms
- (D) 9 ms
Show Answer
Answer: C – τ = L/R = (150×10-3)/(25) = 6 ms.
Q58. A series LR circuit with a 20 V battery and a resistor of 4 Ω is switched on at t = 0 with zero initial current. The time constant is τ. What is the current at t = 2τ?
- (A) 4.32 A
- (B) 8.65 A
- (C) 2.16 A
- (D) 6.48 A
Show Answer
Answer: A – Solving L(dI/dt) + RI = V gives I(t) = (V/R)(1 – e-t/τ). With V/R = 5 A, at t = 2τ, I = 4.32 A.
Q59. An LC circuit consists of an inductor of 5 mH and a capacitor of 5 μF. What is the frequency of oscillation of the circuit?
- (A) 1.01 kHz
- (B) 2.01 kHz
- (C) 0.503 kHz
- (D) 1.51 kHz
Show Answer
Answer: A – f = 1/(2π√(LC)) = 1/(2π√[(5×10-3)(5×10-6)]) = 1.01 kHz.
Q60. An LC circuit has inductance 8 mH and capacitance 5 μF. What is the angular frequency of its charge oscillations?
- (A) 5 krad/s
- (B) 2.5 krad/s
- (C) 10 krad/s
- (D) 7.5 krad/s
Show Answer
Answer: A – ω = 1/√(LC) = 1/√[(8×10-3)(5×10-6)] = 5 krad/s.
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