Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids MCQs

The different types of organic compounds that include carbonyl groups are aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and their derivatives. In formaldehyde, the simplest aldehyde, the carbonyl carbon is attached to two hydrogen atoms. In all other aldehydes, the carbonyl carbon is bonded to one hydrogen atom and one alkyl group. For ketones, the carbonyl carbon is connected to two alkyl groups. Carboxylic acids can be produced by oxidizing primary alcohols or aldehydes, or through the hydrolysis of nitriles, acid chlorides, esters, anhydrides, and amides.

The formation of cyanohydrin from a ketone is an example of

(a) electrophilic addition
(b) nucleophilic addition
(c) nucleophilic substitution
(d) electrophilic substitution

A mixture of benzaldehyde and formaldehyde on heating with aqueous NaOH solution gives

(a) benzyl alcohol + sodium formate
(b) sodium benzoate + methanol
(c) benzyl alcohol + methanol
(d) sodium benzoate + sodium formate

The reaction of ethyl formate with an excess of CH3MgI followed by hydrolysis gives

(a) ethanol
(b) n-propyl alcohol
(c) propanal
(d) isopropyl alcohol

Formic acid and acetic acid are distinguished by reaction with

(a) sodium ethoxide
(b) sodium
(c) HgCl2
(d) 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine

Which of the following has the most acidic hydrogen?

(a) hexane-2,4-dione
(b) hexane-2,3-dione
(c) hexane-2,5-dione
(d) hexane-3-one

Benzoic acid reacts with conc.HNO3 and conc.H2SO4 to give

(a) o-nitrobenzoic acid
(b) p-nitrobenzoic acid
(c) m-nitrobenzoic acid
(d) o,p-dinitrobenzoic acid

An inorganic compound producing an organic compound on heating is

(a) ammonium cyanate
(b) soda lime
(c) sodamide
(d) potassium cyanide

A new C-C bond formation is possible in

(a) Cannizzaro reaction
(b) Friedel-Crafts reaction
(c) Reimer-Tiemann reaction
(d) B and D

Heating a mixture of sodium benzoate and soda lime gives

(a) calcium benzoate
(b) benzene
(c) sodium benzoate
(d) methane

Under Wolff-Kishner reduction conditions, the conversions which may be brought about are

(a) cyclohexanone into cyclohexane
(b) benzaldehyde into benzyl alcohol
(c) benzophenone into diphenylmethane
(d) A and C