Unit 16: Environmental Chemistry

31. The Clean Air Act is a regulation aimed at controlling:

a) Water pollution
b) Soil erosion
c) Air pollution
d) Noise pollution
Answer: c) Air pollution

32. Which of the following is a common method for reducing waste production?

a) Recycling
b) Incineration
c) Landfilling
d) Composting
Answer: a) Recycling

33. Which of the following pollutants is commonly found in urban air and contributes to photochemical smog?

a) Carbon dioxide
b) Ozone
c) Nitrogen dioxide
d) Methane
Answer: b) Ozone

34. The term “biomagnification” refers to:

a) The increase in concentration of a pollutant as it moves up the food chain
b) The decrease in biodiversity due to pollution
c) The spread of pollutants in the environment
d) The dilution of pollutants in water bodies
Answer: a) The increase in concentration of a pollutant as it moves up the food chain

35. Which of the following is an example of a secondary pollutant?

a) Carbon monoxide
b) Sulfur dioxide
c) Ozone
d) Nitrogen oxides
Answer: c) Ozone

36. The presence of which element in water bodies can lead to the formation of “dead zones”?

a) Nitrogen
b) Phosphorus
c) Sulfur
d) Carbon
Answer: b) Phosphorus

37. Which of the following is a consequence of deforestation?

a) Increase in soil fertility
b) Decrease in atmospheric carbon dioxide
c) Loss of biodiversity
d) Increase in forest cover
Answer: c) Loss of biodiversity

38. Which of the following is a practice aimed at reducing energy consumption?

a) Using energy-efficient appliances
b) Increasing industrial output
c) Burning more fossil fuels
d) Expanding urban areas
Answer: a) Using energy-efficient appliances

39. The term “carbon offset” refers to:

a) Reducing carbon emissions through conservation efforts
b) Increasing carbon emissions to balance other activities
c) Measuring carbon emissions in a given area
d) Storing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
Answer: a) Reducing carbon emissions through conservation efforts

40. Which of the following methods is used to control soil erosion?

a) Deforestation
b) Reforestation
c) Overgrazing
d) Urbanization
Answer: b) Reforestation