Chromatography is a crucial analytical technique used to separate and identify compounds in a mixture. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) offers quick qualitative analysis, High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) provides high-resolution separation with liquid-phase precision, and Gas Chromatography (GC) is ideal for volatile compounds. These methods are widely used in pharmaceuticals, forensics, and environmental analysis.
General Chromatography
What is chromatography primarily used for? a) Heating substances b) Separating mixtures c) Freezing liquids d) Increasing pressure
Which phase moves in chromatography? a) Stationary phase b) Mobile phase c) Both phases d) Neither phase
The stationary phase in chromatography: a) Moves with the sample b) Remains fixed c) Dissolves in the mobile phase d) Reacts with the sample
What is the purpose of the mobile phase in chromatography? a) It keeps the stationary phase in place b) It carries the sample through the system c) It reacts with the stationary phase d) It removes impurities
Chromatography is widely used in: a) Food industry b) Forensics c) Pharmaceuticals d) All of the above
Which chromatography method uses gas as the mobile phase? a) TLC b) HPLC c) GC d) Column chromatography
The stationary phase in chromatography can be: a) Solid b) Liquid c) Gas d) Both a and b
Which of the following is an application of chromatography? a) Drug testing b) Environmental monitoring c) Food analysis d) All of the above
What is retention factor (Rf) in TLC? a) Ratio of distance traveled by the sample to distance traveled by the solvent b) Time taken for separation c) Molecular weight of the compound d) None of the above
In which type of chromatography does separation rely on the affinity of compounds toward both phases? a) Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) b) Paper Chromatography c) Gas Chromatography d) None of the above
Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC)
TLC is mainly used to separate: a) Volatile mixtures b) Non-volatile mixtures c) Soluble gases d) Metal ions
Which of the following materials can be used as the adsorbent in TLC? a) Silica gel b) Aluminum oxide c) Cellulose d) All of the above
The mobile phase in TLC is typically: a) A solid b) A gas c) A liquid d) A polymer
Which equation is used to calculate the Rf value in TLC? a) Rf = Distance traveled by sample / Distance traveled by solvent b) Rf = Solvent distance / Sample distance c) Rf = Sample mass / Solvent mass d) Rf = Sample time / Solvent time
TLC is used in forensic science for: a) Identification of steroids in blood b) Drug analysis c) Detection of textile dyes d) All of the above
The retention factor (Rf) value in TLC is always: a) Greater than 1 b) Less than 1 c) Equal to 1 d) Negative
TLC can be used to identify: a) Alkaloids b) Glycosides c) Waxes d) All of the above
TLC plates are typically coated with: a) Silver b) Silicon c) Silica gel d) Graphite
TLC can be used in which of the following applications? a) Food industry b) Drug purity testing c) Identifying natural products d) All of the above
The separation in TLC is based on: a) The difference in solubility b) The difference in adsorption c) The difference in density d) The difference in temperature
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
What does HPLC stand for? a) High Purity Liquid Chromatography b) High Performance Liquid Chromatography c) High Pressure Liquid Chromatography d) Both b and c
What is the mobile phase in HPLC? a) Gas b) Solid c) Liquid d) Plasma
What is the main advantage of HPLC over traditional liquid chromatography? a) Uses higher pressure b) Uses lower pressure c) Does not require solvents d) Slower separation
What is the stationary phase in HPLC? a) A granular material with small porous particles b) A gas c) A gel d) A plastic film
HPLC is used for: a) Drug analysis b) Quality control c) Environmental monitoring d) All of the above
In HPLC, the sample is injected into: a) The mobile phase b) The stationary phase c) The detector d) The waste collector
HPLC operates under: a) High temperature b) High pressure c) Low pressure d) Low temperature
Which application of HPLC is commonly used in environmental science? a) Detection of phenolic compounds in water b) Identification of steroids in blood c) Textile dye analysis d) Tablet dissolution studies
HPLC separates compounds based on: a) Size and shape b) Polarity and interaction with the stationary phase c) Color d) Density
The output of HPLC is detected using: a) UV-Visible spectroscopy b) IR spectroscopy c) Mass spectrometry d) All of the above
Gas Chromatography (GC)
What is the mobile phase in Gas Chromatography? a) Liquid b) Gas c) Solid d) Polymer
Which of the following gases is commonly used in GC? a) Helium b) Oxygen c) Carbon dioxide d) Nitrogen
GC is mainly used for: a) Separation of volatile substances b) Separation of metals c) Separation of proteins d) None of the above
The stationary phase in GC is: a) A solid or a liquid coated on a solid support b) A gas c) A polymer d) A metal
Which industry benefits from GC analysis? a) Food industry b) Pharmaceutical industry c) Environmental research d) All of the above
What is the main detector used in GC? a) Flame Ionization Detector (FID) b) UV Detector c) Electron Capture Detector d) Both a and c
GC columns are commonly made of: a) Glass or steel b) Plastic c) Aluminum d) Copper
GC analysis is widely used in: a) Drug testing b) Quality control c) Forensics d) All of the above
The carrier gas in GC must be: a) Reactive b) Inert c) Heavy d) None of the above
The separation in GC is based on: a) Boiling point b) Molecular weight c) Color d) Density
Question No.
Correct Answer
1
b) Separating mixtures
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b) Mobile phase
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b) Remains fixed
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b) It carries the sample through the system
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d) All of the above
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c) GC
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d) Both a and b
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d) All of the above
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a) Ratio of distance traveled by the sample to distance traveled by the solvent
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a) Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC)
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b) Non-volatile mixtures
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d) All of the above
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c) A liquid
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a) Rf = Distance traveled by sample / Distance traveled by solvent
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d) All of the above
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b) Less than 1
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d) All of the above
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c) Silica gel
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d) All of the above
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b) The difference in adsorption
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d) Both b and c
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c) Liquid
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a) Uses higher pressure
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a) A granular material with small porous particles
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d) All of the above
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a) The mobile phase
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b) High pressure
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a) Detection of phenolic compounds in water
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b) Polarity and interaction with the stationary phase